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Hormones
MCAT hormones per princeton review
23
Biology
Undergraduate 2
07/09/2009

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Term
Growth Hormone (GH)
Definition
Anterior Pituitary
Protein
Increase bone+muscle growth, increase cell turnover rate
Term
Prolactin
Definition
Anterior Pituitary
Protein
Mammary Gland/Milk Production
Term
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Definition
Anterior Pituitary
Protein (TROPIC)
Thyroid: Increase synthesis and release of TH
Term
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Definition
Anterior Pituitary
Protein (TROPIC)
Increase growth and secretory activity of adrenal cortex
Term
Leuteinizing hormone (LH)
Definition
Anterior Pituitary
Protein (GONADOTROPIC)
Ovary: Ovulation.
Testes: Testosterone synthesis
Term
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Definition
Anterior Pituitary
Protein (GONADOTROPIC)
Ovary: Follicle development.
Testes: Spermatogenesis
Term
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH, vasopressin)
Definition
Posterior Pituitary
Protein
Kidney: Water retention
Term
Oxytocin
Definition
Posterior Pituitary
Protein
Breast: Milk letdown
Uterus: Contraction
Term
Thyroid Hormone (TH)
Definition
Thyroid
Modified amino acid
Child: necessary for physical and mental development
Adult: Increase metabolic rate and temp
Term
Calcitonin
Definition
Thyroid C Cells
Protein
Bone, Kidney: lowers serum [Ca2+]
Term
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
Definition
Parathyroids
Protein
Bone, kidney, small intestine: Raises serum [Ca2+]
Term
Thymosin
Definition
Thymus (kids only)
(protein)
T cell development during childhood
Term
Epinephrine
Definition
Adrenal Medulla
Modified Amino Acid
Sympathetic stress response (rapid)
Term
Cortisol
Definition
Adrenal Cortex
Steroid
Longer term stress response, increase blood [glucose], decrease inflammation and immunity
Term
Aldosterone
Definition
Adrenal Cortex
Steroid
Kidney: increase Na+ reabsorption to increase bp
Term
Insulin
Definition
Endocrine pancreas (Beta cells)
Protein
Decrease blood [glucose]/increase glycogen and fat storage
Term
Glucagon
Definition
Endocrine Pancreas
Alpha cells
Protein
Increase blood glucose, decresae glycogen and fat storage
Term
Somatostatin
Definition
Endocrine Pancreas
Delta cells
protein
Inhibits many digestive processes
Term
Testosterone
Definition
Testes
Steroid
Male characteristics, spermatogenesis
Term
Estrogen
Definition
Ovaries/placenta
Steroid
Female characteristics, endometrial growth
Term
Progesterone
Definition
Ovaries/placenta
Steroid
Endometrial secretion, pregnancy
Term
Atrial Natriuretic factor (ANF)
Definition
Heart
Peptide
Kidney: increase urination to decrease BP
Term
Erythropoietin
Definition
Kidney
protein
Bone Marrow: Increase RBC synthesis
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