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| a haploid reproductive cell that unites with another haploid reproductive cell to form a zygote |
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| a form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size |
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| a segment of DNA that is located in a chromosome and that codes for a specific hereditary trait |
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| in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA |
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| one of the two strands of a chromosome that become visible during meiosis or mitosis |
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| the region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis |
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| chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes, that have the same structure, and that pair during meiosis |
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| a cell that contains two haploid sets of chromosomes |
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| describes a cell, nucleus, or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes |
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| the cell that results from the fusion of gametes; a fertilized egg |
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| any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome |
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| one of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual |
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| an array of the chromosomes found in an individual’s cells at metaphase of mitosis and arranged in homologous pairs and in order of diminishing size |
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| the life cycle of a cell; in eukaryotes, it consists of a cell-growth period in which DNA is synthesized and a cell-division period in which mitosis takes place |
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Definition
| a period between two mitotic or meiotic divisions during which the cell grows, copies its DNA, and synthesizes proteins |
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| in eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes |
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Definition
| the division of the cytoplasma of a cell; cytokinesis follows the division of the cell's nucleus by mitosis or meiosis |
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Definition
| a tumor in which the cells begin dividing at an uncontrolled rate and become invasive |
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| a network of microtubules that forms during mitosis and moves chromatids to the poles |
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