Details Title: History Terms Description: Every Era Total Flash Cards: 124 Created: 05/18/2009 07:43:39		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Architecture Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term Pendentive Definition The Transition between a Dome and a square plan Term Cathedral Definition A Church that serves as seat of a bishop Term Cathedra Definition Seat of a Bishop Term Martyria Definition Memorial to a Martyr Term Iconostasis Definition The screen that divides the alter from the rest of the church Term Baptistry Definition A building (generally octogonal) used for baptism Term Mausolea (singular - Mausoleum) Definition an elaborate tomb Term Basilica (Roman) Definition Literally means 'King's Hall'. Refers to a rectangular building with a higher central roof. In a church this would be called a Nave Term Greek Cross Plan Definition Plan looks like a greek cross with all the arms of the cross being equal in size Term Latin Cross Plan Definition In the shape of a latin cross where the West to East wings are larger. Term Nave Definition The central long space of a church (western arm) with a raised cieling. See Old St. Peter's, Rome Term Clestory Definition Windows placed high on a wall. (usually either side of the Nave roofing. Term Loggia Definition An Open porch, generally above ground floor Term Intarsia Definition A mosaic inlay in wood Term Mutules Definition a block that hangs from the soffit of the cornice of the doric order. Term Rustication Definition Rough cut stone with exposed jointwork Term Egg and Dart Moulding Definition egg shaped ornament alternating with dart shaped ornament. See http://www.kopelovcutstone.com/img/Egg-and-DartMoulding-Large.jpg Term Dentil Definition A type of cornice moulding composed of rectangular blocks in a row (looking like teeth!) Term Piano Noble Definition Literally means, 'noble floor'. Refers to the main living floor of a house Term Cortile Definition An open courtyard within a building. Term Palazzo Definition An Italian Palace type. See Palazzo Rucellai for example. Term Baldacchino Definition An elaborate canopy over an alter Term Serliana Definition An arched opening with square openings either side of it. Term Narthex Definition The entrance/lobby area of a church Term Crossing Definition The point at which the Transept, Nave and Choir meet Term Transept Definition The north and south arms of a basilican church Term Triforium Definition the narrow passage below Clestory windows Term Apse Definition ending of a Nave (often semi-circular) Term Vault Definition an arched ceiling or roof Term Rib Definition a raised moulding applied to the arris (intersection of two curved surfaces) of a vault Term Westwerk (Westwork) Definition The Narthex, Chapels and Towers set at the entrance end of a church Term Flying Buttress Definition A combination of an external butress pier and a slender arch Term Crypt Definition Basement of a Church Term Hall Church Definition A Church where Nave and Aisles either side of it are of similar height. Term Lantern Definition A tower with windows rising above the roofline or a Dome's occulus Term Typanum Definition A carved semi-circular panel above the doorway to a church. See Notre Dame Paris, for example Term Machicolation Definition a stone gallery projecting over a defensive wall, open at the bottom to drop materials (hot oil, tar etc.) of enemies. Term Acroterion Definition Ornament Placed at the apex and eaves of gable roofs Term Agora Definition The area of markets and city government Term Acropolis Definition literally 'high city' the place of temples and religious shrines Term Abacus Definition The stone set directly over the capital Term Architrave Definition the bottom portion of an entablature Term Arris Definition the intersection between two curved surfaces Term Caryatids Definition A pier carved in the form of a woman and used as a column Term Cella Definition The shrine room the centre of a Greek Temple Term Naos Definition The sanctuary of a Greek Temple Term Pronaos Definition Antechamber to the Naos of a Greek Temple Term Cyclopean Definition Usually referring to very large masonry/stones (e.g. Lion Gate 1300BC) Term Domos Definition the principal space in a Megaron Term Megaron Definition In Mycenaean architecture, this is the rectangular room with a central hearth surrounding 4 coloums with an atrium-like opening above. More often, a single celled house in the Aegean region. Term Megaron Definition In Mycenaean architecture, this is the rectangular room with a central hearth surrounding 4 coloums with an atrium-like opening above. More often, a single celled house in the Aegean region. Term Echinus Definition The cushion-like moulding that sits below the abacus to form the capital in the Doric order. Term Volutes Definition a decorative spiral found on all orders but the Doric Term Entablature Definition the horizontal elements supported by the column. ie. Cornice, Frieze and Architrave Term Entasis Definition The slight outward curve of a column before it then tapers inwards Term Metope Definition Part of the Doric Frieze, this alternates with the triglyphs. It contains a shallow relief carving. Term Stylobate Definition Platform on which a Greek Temple sits Term Tholos Definition A dome over a circular plan building Term Cenotaph Definition A memorial for a person who does not actually reside within Term Corps-de-logis Definition The central pavilion in a French Building Complex. Term Hotels Definition A French urban domestic building Term Lunette Definition A crescent shaped window opening into a vaulted ceiling Term Orangery Definition A Greenhouse-Like room with large windows to protect and grow plants Term Ordonnance Definition The correct relationship of parts to one another and the whole of 18th Century French architectural theory Term Pendant Vaulting Definition Vaults with decorating 'pendants' hanging from their ribs Term Newel Definition The circular post around which stairs wind Term Serliana Definition A central arched opening with lower square openings either side of it. Term Stereonomy Definition The art of stone cutting Term Rocaille Definition An ornament scroll feature based on seashells and rocks Term Stupa Definition The Cosmic Egg in Buddhism Term Harmika Definition The railing at the top of a stupa Term Chatra Definition The triple tiered umbrella form on top of a stupa Term Torana Definition Gate into a Buddhist Shrine Term Chaitya Definition a village memorial built over the grave of an honored person. (Often a cave memorial) Term Mandala Definition the geometric diagram based on the subdivided square Term Garbhagriha Definition The womb chamber of a Hindu Temple Term Shikhara Definition tall curving room that rises like a mountain over the Garbhagriha Term Gopura Definition A monumental gateway erected in axis with a Hindu Temple Term Mandapa Definition Front Entry Hall of a Hindu Temple Term Pagoda Definition a tapering tower with multiple roof levels (supposedly inspired by a chatra atop a stupa) Term Jian Definition A unit of measurement Term Qi Definition Spirit/Force Term Chumon Definition Central Gate Term Daibutsuden Definition Buddha Hall Term Chigi Definition X-Shaped extensions of bargeboards at gable ends (see Ise Shinto Shrine Complex) Term Katsuog Definition short horizontal elements atop a Shinto Shrine Term Kodo Definition Lecture Hall in Buddhist Architecture Term Minka Definition Japanese Farmhouse Term Tatami Definition Straw Japanese floor mat Term Tokonoma Definition special inlet for displaying flower and scrolls Term Chacmool Definition Stone for human heart sacrifices Term Stela Definition Carved stone with heiroglphys Term Tablero Definition square section above a talud Term Talud Definition Slanting section below a tablero Term Quibla Wall Definition Wall housing the Mihrab and pointing towards Mecca Term Iwan Definition roofed or vaulted chamber, open to one side facing a mosque courtyard Term Minbar Definition Pulpit in which the Imam leads prayer Term Minaret Definition Tower from which the faithful are called to prayer Term Sahn Definition Courtyard Term Madrasa Definition Islamic College for studies Term Caravanserai Definition A protecting enclose for travelling merchants Term Apadana Definition Persian Term - a King's Audience Hall Term Entasis Definition The slight outward curving of a column which then tapers towards the top. Term Aqueduct Definition a pipe for conducting water under gravity flow Term Castra Definition Roman Military Camps Term Decumanus Definition Dominant East-West Road in Roman Cities Term Cardo Definition Dominant North-South road in Roman Cities Term Forum Definition Public Meeting Space Term Palaestra Definition A roman building for exercise (like a gymnasium) Term Oculus Definition Refers to the circular opening at the apex (top) of a dome. See Pantheon for example. Term Pozzolana Definition Volcanic Ash used for making concrete Term Basilica Definition King's Hall with raised roof and aisles with lower roofs flanking either side of it. Term Cloaca Definition Sewer Term Thermae Definition Roman Bath House Term Apse Definition The termination of a Basilica (usually rounded) Term Caladarium Definition Cold Baths Term Tepidarium Definition Warm Baths Term Frigidarium Definition Hot Baths Term Atrium Definition The central space of a house, open to provide light and air. Term Impluvium Definition shallow pool collecting rainwater from the atrium roof Term Tablinium Definition Reception area of a Roman House Term Peristyle Definition Colonnaded garden/courtyard Term Insula Definition Apartment House Term Triclinium Definition Dining Room in Roman House