Term
| who regretted the loss of Alsace-Lorraine |
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Definition
| AFrance lost it in the franco-prussian war(1870) |
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Term
| who was the greatest threat to europe? |
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Definition
france
according to Otto von Bismarck
he thought they wanted revenge 4 its defeat in the Franco-Prussian War
he needed to isolate France |
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Term
| who annexed Bosina and Herzegovina in 1908? |
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Definition
Austria-Hungary
germany stood beside them |
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Term
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Definition
| he unified germany, austria-hungary, and italy in the triple alliance |
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Term
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Definition
archduke franz ferdinand and his wife sophie
killed by a serbian
made an ultimatum |
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Term
| assassin was a supporter of...? |
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Definition
was a serbian
they hated austria-hungary
serbiansdo not like austria-hungarians |
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Term
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Definition
balkans known as this
b/c of their long history of nationalist upraisings and ethnic clashes |
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Term
| who competed 4 industrial domination? |
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Definition
germany and GB(great britain)
they were the most industrialized |
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Term
| who was the 1st to declare war? |
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Definition
| austria-hungary against the serbians |
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Term
| purpose of the sclieffen plan |
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Definition
| a large part of the german army would race west, to defeat france and then return to fight russia in the east |
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Term
| importance of the wictory at marne? |
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Definition
left the schlieffen plan in ruins
trench warfare |
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Term
| what were the results of the battles at verdun and somme? |
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Definition
in verdun.....germany advanced about 4 miles
in somme......the british gained about 5 miles |
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Term
| where was the eastern front? |
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Definition
| between germany and russia (the battlefields) |
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Term
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Definition
ended the war between germany and russia
was extremely harsh on russia
required the russian government to surrender lands to germany that now includes finland, poland, ukrainem estonia, latvia, and lithuania
even though the treat became invalid after the war these nations still gained their independence |
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Term
| why did GB declare war on germany? |
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Definition
germany wanted to go thru belgium to get to france
belgium + GB=close ties
belgium, a neutral country, refused to let germany pass thru
GB got mad and declared war on germany |
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Term
| who were the allied powers? |
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Definition
| GB, france, russia, japan, and italy |
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Term
| who were the central powers? italy? |
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Definition
germany, austria-hungary, the ottomans, and bulgaria
italy moved to the allied powers after the triple alliance broke up |
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Term
| where were the battles of marne, somme, and verdun fought? |
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Definition
fought in trenches
fought on the western front
(between france and germany) |
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Term
| what were the 3 goals of allies' gallipoli campaign? |
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Definition
thought they could take constantinople(i think)
defeat the turks
establish a supply line to russia |
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Term
| why did germany return to unrestricted submarine warfare? |
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Definition
they knew it might lead to war with the us
they gambled that their naval blockade would starve britain into defeat before the us could mobilize |
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Term
| what was the zimmermann note? |
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Definition
britain intercepted a telegram from germany
it said that germany would help mexico "reconquer" the land it had lost to the us if mexico would ally with germany
americans declared war |
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Term
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Definition
| countries devote all their resources to the war effort |
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Term
| what was the purpose of propaganda? |
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Definition
was used to keep up morale and support for the war
war posters |
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Term
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Definition
the french commander of the allied forces
used americans to fill the gaps in his ranks |
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Term
| what is armistice? who was involved? |
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Definition
an agreement to stop fighting
germany and marshal foch signed this
ended the war(WWI) |
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Term
| when did the us enter the war? |
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Definition
in feb. 1917
b/c of the zimmermann note the us entered the war on the allied side
**see #21** |
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Term
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Definition
made by prees. wilson
1-5 included.....an end to secret treaties, freedom of the seas, free trade, areducded national armies/navies, and adjustmentof colonial claims with fairness towards colonial peoples
the 14th point.....
proposed a "general association of nations" that would protect "great and small states alike" |
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Term
| what ideas did wilson propose? |
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Definition
proposed the 14 points
hoped 4 an organization that could peacefully negotiate solutions to world conflicts |
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Term
| what was the League of Nations? |
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Definition
an international association whose goal would be to keep peace among nations
the 5 allied powers were permanent leaqders/members
general assembly=32 aliied and neutral nations
germany and russia were excluded |
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Term
| what was the guiding principle of the treaty of versailles? |
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Definition
article 231
was very harsh against germany
**see #32** |
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Term
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Definition
woodrow wilson=the us
georges clemenceau=france
david lloyd george=GB--great britain
vittoria orlando=italy
russia and germany and germany's allies were not represented |
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Term
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Definition
the war guilt
sole responsibility for the war was placed on germany's shoulders
germany was forced to pay the allies $33 billion in reparation over 30 years |
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Term
| who was not represented at the paris peace conference? |
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Definition
germany
russia--b/c of early withdrawal from the war and revolutionary leadership |
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