Term
Les Tres Riches Heures du Duc de Berry |
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Definition
Limbourg Brothers 1413 - prime example of courtly International Gothic
- devoted to the calendar and depict human activites and the cycle of nature
- times passing is noted by: semicircle at top of page signaling the month, the labor of the month,
- idealized view of the social order of feudalism
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Term
Merode Altarpiece |
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Definition
Robert Campin Triptych 1425 - Central subject is the annunciation
- departure from older representation
- older painting set in church, this is set in a household
- upper-class home
- two types of light: diffused through the painting, direct light from window
- religious figures depicted as real people
- accentuated through the feeling of weight and the drapery on the subject
- symbols:
- mousetrap: St. Augustine "The Cross of the Lord is the mousetrap of the Devil"
- flowers - virginity
- the triptych may signal a celebration for the couple's own desire to have a child
- Believers were told to interpret the Bible in terms they could visualize and understand
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Term
The Madonna in a Church |
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Definition
Jan van Eyck 1425 - oil on panel
- detailed recreation of the interior of a Gothic Church
- Virgin reminiscent of sculpted Gothic Madonnas
- hints of miraculous:
- Virgin out of proportion
- light enters from the north windows - does not happen in Northern Europe
- lights creates and enriches content
- inscription on Virgin's robe from Song of Songs from the old testament
- "She is more beautiful than the sun"
- selective realism
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Term
Ghent Altarpiece |
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Definition
- donors appear on the outer panels when closed
- next to the donors are John the Baptist and John the Evangelist painted in grisaille (a monochramatic color to imitate statue)
- when opened figures converge around the image of a haloed lamb
- on the outer edges stand two life-size recreations of Adam and Eve
- skin and texture rendered very accurately
- majestic ensemble contrast with the domestic intimacy of the Merode Altarpiece
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Term
Man in a Red Turban |
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Definition
- Secular
- three-quarter pose
- warm light reveals details of the man's physical appearance
- van Eyck not concerned with displaying the man's personality
- gaze and strain of eye suggest a self-portrait
- subject makes eye contact with the viewer
- inscription at top of painting reads "as best as i can"
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Term
Arnolfini Double Portrait |
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Definition
Jan Van Eyck Oil on panel 1434 - features of both the man and woman are specific enough to be a portrait
- man identified as Giovanni Arnolfini
- van Eyck signed his named inside the painting on top of the mirror
- reflection seen in the mirror
- combo of signature and appearance in the mirror allude to Jan being a witness
- painting has been debated as a possible legal marriage document
- several symbols:
- woman's gesture to lift gown suggests desire to have a child
- bed designates the consumation of a marriage
- dog symbol of fidelity
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Term
Descent from the Cross |
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Definition
Rogier van der Weyden Oil on panel 1435 - depict the moment when Christ's body is lowered
- mourners crowded in a shallow space
- carefully modeled figures suggest sculptural presence
- emphasizes the emotional impact of the event
- seen in the subjects faces and body movements
- Virgin's position echoes Christ's
- emphasis on the body of Christ speaks to the celebration of the Eucharist
- the source of the emotions in the painting are derived from ancient sculptures
- naturalist
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Term
Saint Luke Painting the Virgin |
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Definition
Rogier van der Weyden 1435 Oil and tempera on panel - shows influence by Campin and van Eyck
- deep landscape in the distance
- landscape shows a Flemish city
- represent St. Luke as the portrayer of the Virgin and Child
- based on a Byzantine tradition that said the Virgin and child appeared in front of Luke
- due to the story Luke becomes the patron saint of painters
- due to the fact that the painting features the making of a painting it suggest a statement about painting and painters
- copied numerous times
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Term
Portinari Altarpiece |
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Definition
Hugo van der Goes 1474 tempera and oil on panel - product of reponse to the middle class' increased desire for panel paintings
- donor family seen in the wings of the altarpiece
- landscape unites all three parts of the altarpiece
- bare trees suggest that land is Flandish and not the Holy Land
- realistic renderings of land and figure is contradicted by the size of the figures
- contrast between emotions of the shepherd and the other figures in the painting
- figures in the background support the central theme
- Joseph and Mary travel to Bethlehem in the left panel
- the magi are coming to visit Jesus in the right panel
- angels are coming forth in the sky in the central panel
- still life of flowers and wheat in the foreground
- symbolic
- wheat - bread of the Eucharist
- flowers - virgin
- triptych
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Term
Temptation of St. Anthony |
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Definition
Martin Schongauer 1480 engraving - appealed to smaller and more sophisticated public
- represents climax of Anthony's resistance from the devil
- wide range of tonal values
- rhythmic quality of lines
- rendering of every kind of surface: spiky, furry, scaly, leathery,
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Term
Isenheim Altarpiece (closed) |
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Definition
Matthias Grunewald 1510 - church was attached to a hospital for people with the disease, St. Anthony's Fire
- intestinal disorders, gangreous limbs, and hallucinations
- treatment included soothing baths and amputations
- closed view of the altarpiece seen during the week
- St. Sebastion (left), St. Anthony Abbot - a healer (right), Crucifixion (center)
- Crucifixion recalls the the medieval tradition of emphasizing the pain of Christ and the grief of the Virgin (Andachtsbild)
- body on the cross is painted on a heroic scale
- dark background, light foreground
- body of water behind christ recalls the power of baptism
- bleeding lamb - symbol of the eucharist which would be perfromed in front of the altarpiece
- predella slides across the knees of Jesus - reflection of amputation victims
- entire closed display of the altarpiece deals with suffering
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Term
Isenheim Altarpiece (open) |
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Definition
Matthias Grunewald 1510 - opened on Sundays and feast days
- The Annunciation, the Madonna and Child with Angels, and The Resurrection are all depicted
- more jubilant pieces of biblical history than the crucifixion
- provided the patients of the hospital the reminder of heaven
- forms of therapy are depicted throughout the panel: music, herbs, baths, and light
- panels linked through color and composition
- red and pinks in The Annunciation are carried to the central panel which end in a bright explosion of color in the Resurrection
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Term
Isenheim Altarpiece |
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Definition
Matthias Grunewald 1510 (Temptation of St. Anthony Abbot)
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Term
Hare |
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Definition
Albrecht Durer 1502 - style formed in Northern European realism with elements of Italian Art
- technique owes to the Flemish masters as well as copies of Renaissance art
- demonstrates clarity of of artist's vision and sureness of rendering
- uses water color technique to render fur, ears, and sheen of eyes
-
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Term
Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse |
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Definition
Albrecht Durer 1497 - depicts War, Fire, Famine, and Death running over earth
- physical energy and volume of the bodies is derived from Italian Renaissance Art
- eliminates the need for logical space
- redefines the art of woodcut by enriching engraving with varied width of lines, and strong contrasts between black and white
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Term
Adam and Eve |
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Definition
Albrecht Durer 1504 - depicts the couple as Apollo and Venus
- constructed based on proportions of the Visuvian man
- liners taper and swell often ending in stipples
- monochromatic image of tonal and textural range
- deliberate choices of animals:
- cat, rabbit, ox, and elk are medieval signs of the body fluids
- moment before the fall the humors coexist and humans are ideally beautiful
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Term
Self-Portrait |
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Definition
Albrecht Durer 1500 oil on panel
- harks back to van Eyck's " Man in the Red Turban"
- frontal composition - reserved for images of the divine
- works as a secular form of Christ
- reflects how seriously Durer viewed his job
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Term
Melencolia I |
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Definition
Albrecht Durer
1514 engraving - represents winged female surrounded by tools of math and the artist
- chaos surrounds her
- face in shadow, pose is associated with melancholy
- melancholy seen as intelligent and creative genius
- juxtaposition is seen between the women, who can think but cannot act, and the baby who can act but cannot think
- artistic temperament is related to melancholic humor
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Term
Four Apostles |
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Definition
Albrecht Durer 1523 Oil on Panel - Four fundamental men of the Protestant Reformation and Religion
- John and Paul in the foreground Peter and Mark in the backgroud
- Inscription says to not mistake human error and pretense for the will of God
- represent the four temperments
- sculptural likeness to Nanni di Banco's sculpture
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Term
Battle of Issus |
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Definition
Albrecht Altdorfer 1529 Oil on panel - dominated by the landscape
- represents the victory of Alexander the Great over Persia
- to make subject clear tablet above the scene explains what is happening
- Nature is shown to be more important than man
- details in the painting suggest that the event is earth changing
- armor and architecture are contemporary which lends to idea of representation of Europe vs. the Turks
-
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Term
Potrait of Erasmus of Rotterdam |
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Definition
Hans Holdein the Younger 1523 Oil on panel - Erasmus was one of the most prolific Humanists of the era
- portrait portrays status and authority
- profile view is popular in Early Renaissance Italy
- the portrait was presented to Sir Thomas More when Holbein arrived in England
- Holbein's style is a departure of Durer along with Netherlandish realism and Italian compositional techniques
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Term
Henry VIII |
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Definition
Hans Holbein the Younger 1540 Oil on panel - alike Durer Holbein uses rigid frontality that Durer used in his self-portrait
- the portrayal of the king screams authority and ruthlessness
- by choosing this stance Hans Holbein the Younger set the tone for English royal portraiture for years to come
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Term
Garden of Earthly Delights |
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Definition
Hieronymous Bosch 1500 Oil on panel - continuous landscape unites all three panels
- high horizon imply deep vista of Earth from an omniscent view point
- left wing represents the Garden of Eden
- God is presenting Eve to Adam
- filled with exotic and strange hybrid animals
- central panel is a depiction of Earth
- humans frolick among exotic and supernatural plants and animals
- right wing depicts hell
- strange hybrid animals torture humans
- triptych
- not a traditional altarpiece a secular work
- most consistent interpretation of the work links it to the practice of alchemy as an allegory of redemption
- alchemic process
- mixing - Adam and Eve
- process of cooking diverse ingredients - central panel
- burning of material - hell
- final cleansing - signaled by the global earth rising out of the water
- bosch was to a apothecary's daughter
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Term
Flemish Proverbs |
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Definition
Pieter Bruegel the Elder 1559 Oil on canvas
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Term
Triumph of Death |
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Definition
Pieter Breugel the Elder 1562
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Term
Return of the Hunters |
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Definition
Pieter Bruegel the Elder 1568 oil on panel - from set of paintings depicting the months
- origin in medieval calendar illustrations
- nature is just not the setting for human activity but the subject of the painting
- uncoventional use of perspective and foreground
- breugel was a highly educated man with humanists friends and wealthy merchants who were his clientele
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Term
Peasant Wedding |
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Definition
Pieter Bruegel the Elder 1568 oil on panel - bruegel and his patron used to dressed as peasants and joined in the fun to observe and sketch them
- mastered italian perspective
- viewer enters room dominated by table at which guests are seated
- figures have seen of weight and solidarity
- painting shows the common man occupies an important place in the scheme of things
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Term
Blind leading the Blind |
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Definition
Pieter Bruegel the Elder 1568 oil on panel - visual interpretation of verbal wisdom
- source is the Gospel of Matthew: "And if the blind lead the blind, both shall fall into the ditch"
- uses detailed rendering of Netherlandish tradition to record the poverty of the beggars
- church in the distance accuses religion of being the ones who are blind
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Term
Musicians |
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Definition
Caravaggio 1595 oil on canvas - focuses on the sensual and erotic subject of music and young men
- half-length but life-sized
- flushed cheeks and full lips suggest erotic and sensual pleasures enjoyed by each other
- lute, violin, music sheets, and grapes suggest a contemporary baccanal
- comissioned for Cardinal de Monte who commissioned other homoerotic painting froms Caravaggio
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Term
Calling of St. Matthew |
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Definition
Caravaggio 1599 oil on canvas Contarelli Chapel, San Luigi dei Francesi, Rome - style was the initial stamp of the baroque period
- new kind of naturalism
- painted directly onto canvas and worked from a live model (titian did the same but did not work with a live model)
- depicted world he knew
- people he painted were not of high renaissance form
- not mannerist
- realist
- first time a sacred subject had been depicted as a contemporary lowlife
- "lay Christianism" - spoke to both Catholics and Protestants
- secular scenes, fancy costumes, and length of bodies would be seen in later paintings by followers
- uses piercing light to announce Christ's presence
- painting referred as tenebristic
- Christ's hand and face illuminated so viewer could see the moment
- gives visual expression to thoughts of the Counter-Reformation: mysteries of faith not revealed by speculation by through an inner experience open to everyone
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Term
Conversion of St. Paul |
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Definition
Caravaggio 1601 Cerasi Chapel, Rome - tenebrism used to heighten drama and suggest divine light
- next to the Assumption of the Virgin by Carracci
- color and line not used for narrative instead he uses light
- used to create shapes and textures as wel
-
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Term
Supper at Emmaus |
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Definition
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Term
Martyrdom of St. John the Baptist |
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Definition
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Term
Judith and the Head of Holofernes |
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Definition
Artemisia Gentileschi 1625 - daughter of Caravaggio's friend
- characteristic subjects are heroines
- rooted in her turbulent life with men
- shows the instant after the beheading
- object of attention is hidden from view accentuating the drama with the picture
- tenebrism helps create a mood of mystery judith's emotion and understanding
- caravaggian
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Term
Self-Portrait |
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Definition
Artemisia Gentileschi 1638 oil on canvas - depicts herself as the allegorical figure of painting, La Pittura
- dress and activity correspond with Cesare Ripa's description of La Pittura
- dishelved black hair
- gold chain hands from neck
- brush in one hand, palatte in the other
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Term
Triump of Bacchaus & Ariadne |
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Definition
Annibale Carracci 1597 fresco Farnese ceiling, Palazzo Farnese, Rome - felt painting must return to nature
- revival of the classics
- ranks behind murals by michelangelo and raphael
- meant to convey power, domination, extravaganze of patron
- similated architecture
- represented as an easel painting
- trompe l'oiel - framed painting medallions and sculpture
- "quadri riportati" - pictures transported to the ceiling without account to viewer's point of view
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Term
Diane & Endymion |
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Definition
Annibale Carracci 1597 fresco Farnese Celing, Palazzo Farnese, Rome
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Term
Lanscape with the Flight into Egypt |
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Definition
Annibale Carracci 1603 oil on canvas - soft light and atmospheric recall titian and giorgione
- figures play minor role
- constructed ideal landscape evokes vision that nature is gentle but austere
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Term
Aurora Ceiling |
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Definition
Guido Reni Casino Rospigliosi, Rome - Raphealesque sytle of mythological panels
- arrived at "official" classicism
- fresco
- grace becomes the pursuit of perfect beauty
- relieflike design with glowing colors and dramatic light
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Term
Aurora Ceiling |
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Definition
Guercino 1621 fresco, Casino Ludovisi, Rome - opposite of reni's
- entire fresco turned into one with limitless space
- architectural illusionistic framework (quadratura)
- pictorial illusionism a la Correggio
- Titian like light and color
- the viewer is looking up and under the event taking place
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Term
Allegory of Divine Providence |
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Definition
Pietro de Cortona 1633 fresco Palazzo Barberini, Rome - combines quadratura, quadri riportati, di sutto in su
- glorifies the Barberini Pope Urban VIII
- Divine Providence is the central figure in the fresco proclaiming the pope as her chosen one
- Barberini bees surround Faith, Hope, and Charity
- Cortona's style is the bridge between High Baroque and Baroque classicism
- presents art as epic poetry
- found inspiration in classical art and raphael
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Term
Triumph of the Name of Jesus |
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Definition
Giovanni Battisa Gaulli 1672 fresco Gesu, Rome - treated as a single unit that evokes a mystical vision
- nave fresco spills dramatically over frame then turns to sculptures
- subject is the illuminated name of Jesus (IHS)
- references the jesuit order and concept that Jesus is the light of the world
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Term
Baldacchino |
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Definition
Giovanni Bernini 1624 St. Peter's Rome - internal focal point in St. Peter's
- composite of sculptural and architectural
- at the crossing of the transept and the nave and over St. Peter's crypt
- bronze stripped from the ancient Pantheon
- suggests fabric hanging between columnns
- papal insignia decorates the Baldacchino (triple crowns, crossed key of St. Peter's, and the Barberini bees)
- honors the power and majesty of God and the Pope
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Term
David |
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Definition
Gianlorenzo Bernini 1623 - strong relationship with antiquity
- close to the Laocoon
- harks back to the Hellenistic era
- union of body and spirit
- shows that Baroque and High Renaissance artist derived different styles from antiquity
- implied presence of Goliath
- space is charged with energy
- shows distinctive feature with Baroque
- engages the audience with subjct
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Term
Ecstacy of St. Theresa |
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Definition
Gianlorenzo Bernini 1645 Cornaro Chapel, Rome - bernini was passionate in theater
- Story of St. Theresa being pierced by an angel
- makes experience as sensuous as Coreggio's "Jupiter and Io"
- invisible compliment is force that carries subjects to heaven
- divine nature suggest by golden rays
- Bernini includes built-in audience
- on sides of the chapel are balconies that contain marble sculptures of the Conaro family
- ceiling fresco represents infinite space of heaven
- theatricality in the service of faith was basic to the Counter-Reformation
- steeped in Renaissance humanism
- gestures and expression arouse emotions
-
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Term
Pluto and Proserpina |
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Definition
Gianlorenzo Bernini 1621 - note the way bernini polished the statue
- indentations on Proserpina
- signal a sense of realism
- idealized view of Pluto
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Term
Apollo and Daphne |
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Definition
Gianlorenzo Bernini 1622 - Renaissance realism
- emotion and gestures evoke the mood of the sculpture
- metamorphosis of Daphne
- chooses to show "while-in transition"
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Term
Cathedra Petri |
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Definition
Gianlorenzo Bernini 1657 St. Peter's Rome - took form of the relic that is in St. Peter's
- unifies sculpture architecure and light
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Term
The Club-Footed Boy |
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Definition
Jusepe de Ribera 1642 - humanist
- words on paper: "Give me alms for the love of God"
- plea for charity indicated that only through good work could the rich go to heaven: counter-reformation thought
- made for the Viceroy of Naples
- wealthy collector
- thought would have made impact
- boy seen as embodiment of joy
- considered a way to dispense grace
- opportunity for others to do good
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Term
The Water Carrier of Seville |
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Definition
Diego Velasquez 1619 - subject influenced by table top displays brought to Spain by the Flemish
- scene related to Giving Drink to the Thirsty , one of the seven acts of mercy
- chose a royal subject in order to get royal attention
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Term
Surrender of Breda |
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Definition
Diego Velazquez 1634 - dramatic and lush Titian-like painting
- interpretation of an event in war betweent the Netherlands and Spain
- shown in an elegant fashion
- by having the two generals confront each other he transform a military moment to a human one
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Term
Juan de Pareja |
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Definition
Diego Velazquez 1650 - attention diverted to the face
- lace collar picks up the whites in the face
- a white patch, a tear, in his clothing reminds the viewer of class
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Term
The Maids of Honor |
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Definition
Diego Velazquez 1656 - group portrait and a genre scene
- subject is Princess Margarita
- parents appear in mirror on the back wall
- position suggests a different vantage point for the viewer
- canvas commemorates Velazquez's position as royal painter
- reveals Velazquez's fascination with light fundamental to vision
- more subtle use than Caravaggio
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Term
St. Serapion |
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Definition
Francisco de Zurbaran 1628 - reminder of Caravaggio
- contrast between white garment and black background gives a heightened visual and expressive presence
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Term
Raising of the Cross |
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Definition
Peter Paul Reubens 1606 - studied ancient sculpture, works of the High Renaissance, and Caravaggio
- muscular figures work to show physical power and passionate feeling
- recalls Rosso's Descent from the Cross but more heroic in scale
- Titian-like due to its rich color and luminosity
- combined Italian influences with Netherlandish ideas
- realist
- the formation of the bodies burst out of the frames - a Baroque feature
- sketch reveals a more crowded and not as focused picture in the making
-
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Term
Portrait of Marchesa Brigida Spinola Doria |
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Definition
Peter Paul Reubens 1606 - white satin
- bejeweled gold rope with jewels, gem, onyx, and rubies
- multilayered ruff is a symbol of class
- red cape sets color contrast with dress and heightens color of face
- diagonal movement of drapery suggests forward movement
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Term
Marie De' Medici Landing in Marseilles |
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Definition
Peter Paul Reubens 1622 - turns an unexciting event into one filled with allegory
- Fame flies over Marie blowing a double trumpet
- welcomed by France which is represented by a figure draped in the fleur-de-lis cape
- Neptune and his crew rise out of the ocean- they protected her on her journey
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Term
King Henry IV views Portrait of Marie de' Medici |
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Definition
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Term
Garden of Love |
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Definition
Peter Paul Rubens 1638 - tribute to life's pleasures
- Rubens remarried and art turned towards the home life
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Term
Three Graces |
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Definition
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Term
Rinaldo and Armida |
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Definition
Anthony van Dyck 1629 - taken from Torquato Tasso's poem Jerusalem Freed
- shows sorceress falling in love with Christian soldier
- conceptualized with Charles I in mind
- Titian and Veronese-like
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Term
Portrait of Charles I Hunting |
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Definition
Anthony van Dyck 1635 - represent the soverign at ease
- dismounted equestrain portrait
- less rigid and formal than Holbien's portrait of Henry VIII
- king in command
- horse and nature seem to bow down to him
- brought court portrait up to date
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Term
Banquet of the Officers of the St. George Civic Guard |
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Definition
Frans Hals 1616 - military aspects subordinated to sense of general prosperity
- highest ranking officers seated while the rest stand
- 12 men surrounding the table suggest influence from da Vinci's Last Supper
- realism achieved through gestures and "wet-in-wet"
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Term
Married Couple in Garden |
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Definition
Frans Hals 1622 - combines relaxed informal atmosphere of genre painting with the formalness of portraiture
- ivy - symbol of steadfast love
- sharp contrast with van Eyck's Arnolfini Double Portrait
- emotion seen between the couple
- couple set off center to add sense of spontaneity
- lace collar is a symbol of status
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Term
The Jolly Toper |
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Definition
Frans Hals 1628 - may present the allegory of Taste
- combines Ruben's robustness with a focus on "dramatic movement"
- signaled by the use of brush strokes
- seems as if it were a quick sketch
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Term
Supper at Emmaus |
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Definition
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Term
Blinding of Samson |
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Definition
Rembrandt 1636 - intensely realistic
- Protestans viewed Old Testament stories as direct accounts of God's way with humans - lay Christian
- master storyteller
- theatrical light heightens drama
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Term
Portrait of Saskia |
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Definition
Rembrandt 1633 - studied from live models
- meant to commerate the betrohal
- wears garments usually typical with pastoral wear
- the love between rembrandt and his subject is clearly seen in sketch
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Term
The Night Watch |
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Definition
Rembrandt 1642 - did not give every figure equal weight in the painting
- made the picture a virtuoso performance filled with movement and lighting
-
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Term
Aristotle with the Bust of Homer |
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Definition
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Term
Self-Portrait |
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Definition
Rembrandt 1658 - very experimental with self-portrait
- bold pose and penetrating look resolve the idea of nobility Rembrandt had
- in comparison with Holbein's chiaroscuro is used to create mood as opposed to the color and dress
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Term
Return of the Prodigal Sun |
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Definition
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Term
The Hundred Guilder Print |
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Definition
Rembrandt 1650 - depicts the entire 19th chapter of the gospel of St. Matthew
- poignant and filled with pathos
- deep compassion for the poor and outcast
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Term
View of Haarlem across the bleaching fields |
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Definition
Jacob van Ruisdal 1670 - sky occupies three-quarters of the painting
- foreground are the bleaching fields where citizens would put their clothing out to be bleached by the sun
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Term
The Jewish Cemetery |
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Definition
Jacob van Ruisdael 1670 - natural forces dominate scene
- Jews lived in Amsterdam
- named Bet Haim
- Jews were seen as "exotic" - reason why they were popular subjects
- ruined building is catholic and suggests a contrast between both religions
- vanitas - memorial of the brevity of life
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Term
Woman Holding a Balance |
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Definition
Vermeer 1660 - genre scene
- painting in the background depicts the last judgement
- parallels the activity of the woman
- use of light from the left , flecks of light on the fabric, and reflections are Vermeer staples
- may have used camera obscura, early form of the camera
- one point perspective is used (to the left of the pinky finger)
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Term
The Love Letter |
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Definition
Vermeer 1660 - use of one-point perspective more prominent
- three groups of intimacy
- woman and lover
- woman and maid
- us and the scene
- letters a popular theme in the 17th century
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Term
Joseph and Jesus |
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Definition
Georges de la Tour 1640 - use of lighting and realism are derived for Caravaggio
- both figures are set in profile
- candle - favorite device for de la Tour
- candle provides warm paletter in dark painting
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Term
Death of Germanicus |
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Definition
Poussin 1630 - studied perspective, anatomy, and antiquity
- works reflects his studies
- death, loyalty, revenge
- juxtaposition in emotions between the raucous soldiers and the somber family
- architecture sets stage for the figures
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Term
Garden of Flora |
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Definition
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Term
Abduction of the Sabine Women |
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Definition
Poussin 1630 - frozen in action, alike statues
- derived from Giovanni Bologna's sculpture
- reconstruction of architecture believed to be archelogically correct
- used wax figures
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Landscape with St. John on Partmos |
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Definition
Poussin 1630 - continues Carracci view of landscape created in "Landscape with the Flight of Egypt"
- trees provide balance
- suggests rational arrangement between physical and spiritual
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Landscape with a Mill |
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Definition
Lorraine 1650 - elevated the status of landscape within the academy
- first artist to paint oil paintings outdoors
- visual narrative of ancient text
- embellished landscape with mythical and religious subjects
- in this painting the marriage of issac is being performed
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Term
Expulsion of Hagar and Ishmael |
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Definition
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Term
Portrait of King Louis XIV |
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Definition
Rigaud 1700 - resembles van Dyck's portrait of Charles I
- intentional comparison due to the fact that it follows formulatic portraiture
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A Pilgrimage to Cythera |
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Definition
Watteau 1720 - Reubeniste
- idyllic images of aristocratic life
- didn't conform to a category set forth by the academy
- evocation of love and includes elements of classicals mythology
- melding of human passions and Nature in privacy and freedom
- delicate colors suggest gentle nature of couple's relationship
- altered scale and Titian-like color
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Term
Mezzetin |
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Definition
Watteau 1720 - stock image of commedia dell'arte
- suitor playing music to her
- may be related to watteau's courtship of his wife
- pale color pallette
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Term
Gersaint's Signboard |
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Definition
Watteau 1720 - created for a friend who owned a gallery as advertisement
- took 8 morning to complete
- natural elegant poses of figures
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Term
Toilet of Venus |
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Definition
Boucher 1750 - Venus transformed to a youthful figure
- pink tones in skin and background
- lush and erotic Rococo painting - pale hues of pink, blue, and rose
- mirror of etravagent and exuberant lifestyles
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Term
The Swing |
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Definition
Fragonard 1760 - thrill of sexual opportunity in an outdoor setting
- traditional Rococo qualities
- painted sculptures are used to reinforce theme
- overgrown forest with soft tones are signals to fertility and sex
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The Bathers |
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Definition
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Back from the Market |
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Definition
Chardin 1730 - shows life in a Parisian bourgeois household
- soft
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Term
Kitchen Still-Life |
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Definition
Chardin 1730 - symbols of life and value to the common people
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Blowing Bubbles |
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Definition
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Apollo Ceiling |
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Definition
Tiepolo 1750 Kaiseraal Residenz, Wurzburg
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The Marriage of Frederick Barbarossa |
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Definition
Tiepolo 1750 Kaiserall Residenz, Wurzburg
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Term
Nymph and Satyr Carousing |
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| illusionistic ceiling painting |
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