Shared Flashcard Set

Details

History of Western Art II
second test for nyu
101
Art History
Undergraduate 2
03/30/2009

Additional Art History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

[image]

Les Tres Riches Heures du Duc de Berry

Definition
Limbourg Brothers
1413
 
  • prime example of courtly International Gothic
  • devoted to the calendar and depict human activites and the cycle of nature
  • times passing is noted by: semicircle at top of page signaling the month, the labor of the month,
  • idealized view of the social order of feudalism
Term

[image]

Merode Altarpiece

Definition
Robert Campin
Triptych
1425
  • Central subject is the annunciation
  • departure from older representation
    • older painting set in church, this is set in a household
    • upper-class home
  • two types of light: diffused through the painting, direct light from window
  • religious figures depicted as real people
    • accentuated through the feeling of weight and the drapery on the subject
  • symbols:
    • mousetrap: St. Augustine "The Cross of the Lord is the mousetrap of the Devil"
    • flowers - virginity
  • the triptych may signal a celebration for the couple's own desire to have a child
    • Believers were told to interpret the Bible in terms they could visualize and understand
Term

[image]

The Madonna in a Church

Definition
Jan van Eyck
1425
  • oil on panel
  • detailed recreation of the interior of a Gothic Church
  • Virgin reminiscent of sculpted Gothic Madonnas
  • hints of miraculous:
    • Virgin out of proportion
    • light enters from the north windows - does not happen in Northern Europe
  • lights creates and enriches content
    • inscription on Virgin's robe from Song of Songs from the old testament
      • "She is more beautiful than the sun"
  • selective realism
Term

[image]

Ghent Altarpiece

Definition
  • Jan Van Eyck
  • 1432
  • triptych
  • donors appear on the outer panels when closed
  • next to the donors are John the Baptist and John the Evangelist painted in grisaille (a monochramatic color to imitate statue)
  • when opened figures converge around the image of a haloed lamb
  • on the outer edges stand two life-size recreations of Adam and Eve
    • skin and texture rendered very accurately
  • majestic ensemble contrast with the domestic intimacy of the Merode Altarpiece
Term

[image]

Man in a Red Turban

Definition
  • Jan van Eyck
  • 1433
  • Secular
  • three-quarter pose
  • warm light reveals details of the man's physical appearance
  • van Eyck not concerned with displaying the man's personality
  • gaze and strain of eye suggest a self-portrait
  • subject makes eye contact with the viewer
  • inscription at top of painting reads "as best as i can"
Term

[image]

Arnolfini Double Portrait

Definition
Jan Van Eyck
Oil on panel
1434
 
  • features of both the man and woman are specific enough to be a portrait
    • man identified as Giovanni Arnolfini
  • van Eyck signed his named inside the painting on top of the mirror
    • "Jan van Eyck was here"
  • reflection seen in the mirror
    • combo of signature and appearance in the mirror allude to Jan being a witness
    • painting has been debated as a possible legal marriage document
  • several symbols:
    • woman's gesture to lift gown suggests desire to have a child
    • bed designates the consumation of a marriage
    • dog symbol of fidelity
Term

[image]

Descent from the Cross

Definition
Rogier van der Weyden
Oil on panel
1435
 
  • depict the moment when Christ's body is lowered
  • mourners crowded in a shallow space
  • carefully modeled figures suggest sculptural presence
  • emphasizes the emotional impact of the event
    • seen in the subjects faces and body movements
  • Virgin's position echoes Christ's
  • emphasis on the body of Christ speaks to the celebration of the Eucharist
  • the source of the emotions in the painting are derived from ancient sculptures
  • naturalist
Term

[image]

Saint Luke Painting the Virgin

 

Definition
Rogier van der Weyden
1435
Oil and tempera on panel
 
  • shows influence by Campin and van Eyck
  •  deep landscape in the distance
  • landscape shows a Flemish city
  • represent St. Luke as the portrayer of the Virgin and Child
    • based on a Byzantine tradition that said the Virgin and child appeared in front of Luke
    • due to the story Luke becomes the patron saint of painters
  • due to the fact that the painting features the making of a painting it suggest a statement about painting and painters
  • copied numerous times
Term

[image]

Portinari Altarpiece

 

Definition
Hugo van der Goes
1474
 tempera and oil on panel
 
  • product of reponse to the middle class' increased desire for panel paintings 
  • donor family seen in the wings of the altarpiece
  • landscape unites all three parts of the altarpiece
  • bare trees suggest that land is Flandish and not the Holy Land
  • realistic renderings of land and figure is contradicted by the size of the figures
  • contrast between emotions of the shepherd and the other figures in the painting
  • figures in the background support the central theme
    • Joseph and Mary travel to Bethlehem in the left panel
    • the magi are coming to visit Jesus in the right panel
    • angels are coming forth in the sky in the central panel
  • still life of flowers and wheat in the foreground
    • symbolic
      • wheat - bread of the Eucharist
      • flowers - virgin
  • triptych
Term

[image]

Temptation of St. Anthony

Definition
Martin Schongauer
1480
engraving
 
  • appealed to smaller and more sophisticated public
  • represents climax of Anthony's resistance from the devil
  • wide range of tonal values
  • rhythmic quality of lines
  • rendering of every kind of surface: spiky, furry, scaly, leathery, 
Term

[image]

Isenheim Altarpiece (closed)

Definition
Matthias Grunewald
1510
 
  • church was attached to a hospital for people with the disease, St. Anthony's Fire
    • intestinal disorders, gangreous limbs, and hallucinations
    • treatment included soothing baths and amputations
  • closed view of the altarpiece seen during the week
  • St. Sebastion (left), St. Anthony Abbot - a healer (right), Crucifixion (center)
  • Crucifixion recalls the the medieval tradition of emphasizing the pain of Christ and the grief of the Virgin (Andachtsbild)
  • body on the cross is painted on a heroic scale
  • dark background, light foreground
  • body of water behind christ recalls the power of baptism
  • bleeding lamb - symbol of the eucharist which would be perfromed in front of the altarpiece
  • predella slides across the knees of Jesus - reflection of amputation victims
  • entire closed display of the altarpiece deals with suffering
Term

[image]

Isenheim Altarpiece (open) 

Definition
Matthias Grunewald
1510
 
  • opened on Sundays and feast days
  • The Annunciation, the Madonna and Child with Angels, and The Resurrection are all depicted
    • more jubilant pieces of biblical history than the crucifixion
  • provided the patients of the hospital the reminder of heaven
  • forms of therapy are depicted throughout the panel: music, herbs, baths, and light
  • panels linked through color and composition
    • red and pinks in The Annunciation are carried to the central panel which end in a bright explosion of color in the Resurrection
Term

[image]

Isenheim Altarpiece

Definition
Matthias Grunewald
1510
 (Temptation of St. Anthony Abbot)
Term

[image]

Hare

Definition
Albrecht Durer
1502
  • style formed in Northern European realism with elements of Italian Art
  • technique owes to the Flemish masters as well as copies of Renaissance art
  • demonstrates clarity of of artist's vision and sureness of rendering
  • uses water color technique to render fur, ears, and sheen of eyes
  •  
Term

[image]

Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse

Definition
Albrecht Durer
1497
  • depicts War, Fire, Famine, and Death running over earth
  • physical energy and volume of the bodies is derived from Italian Renaissance Art
  • eliminates the need for logical space
  • redefines the  art of woodcut by enriching engraving with varied width of lines, and strong contrasts between black and white
Term

[image]

Adam and Eve

Definition
Albrecht Durer
1504
  • depicts the couple as Apollo and Venus
  • constructed based on proportions of the Visuvian man
  • liners taper and swell often ending in stipples
    • monochromatic image of tonal and textural range
  • deliberate choices of animals:
    • cat, rabbit, ox, and elk are medieval signs of the body fluids
  • moment before the fall the humors coexist and humans are ideally beautiful
Term

[image]

Self-Portrait

Definition
Albrecht Durer
1500
oil on panel
  • harks back to van Eyck's " Man in the Red Turban"
  • frontal composition - reserved for images of the divine
  • works as a secular form of Christ
  • reflects how seriously Durer viewed his job
Term

[image]

Melencolia I

Definition
Albrecht Durer
1514
engraving
 
  • represents winged female surrounded by tools of math and the artist
  • chaos surrounds her
  • face in shadow, pose is associated with melancholy
    • melancholy seen as intelligent and creative genius
  • juxtaposition is seen between the women, who can think but cannot act, and the baby who can act but cannot think
  • artistic temperament is related to melancholic humor
Term

[image]

Four Apostles

Definition
Albrecht Durer
1523
Oil on Panel
  • Four fundamental men of the Protestant Reformation and Religion
  • John and Paul in the foreground Peter and Mark in the backgroud
  • Inscription says to not mistake human error and pretense for the will of God
  • represent the four temperments
  • sculptural likeness to Nanni di Banco's sculpture
Term

[image]

Battle of Issus

Definition
Albrecht Altdorfer
1529
Oil on panel
  • dominated by the landscape
  • represents the victory of Alexander the Great over Persia
  • to make subject clear tablet above the scene explains what is happening
  • Nature is shown to be more important than man
  • details in the painting suggest that the event is earth changing
  • armor and architecture are contemporary which lends to idea of representation of Europe vs. the Turks
  •  
Term

[image]

Potrait of Erasmus of Rotterdam

Definition
Hans Holdein the Younger
1523
Oil on panel
  • Erasmus was one of the most prolific Humanists of the era
  • portrait portrays status and authority
  • profile view is popular in Early Renaissance Italy
  • the portrait was presented to Sir Thomas More when Holbein arrived in England
  • Holbein's style is a departure of Durer along with Netherlandish realism and Italian compositional techniques
Term

[image]

Henry VIII

Definition
Hans Holbein the Younger
1540
Oil on panel
  • alike Durer Holbein uses rigid frontality that Durer used in his self-portrait
  • the portrayal of the king screams authority and ruthlessness
  • by choosing this stance Hans Holbein the Younger set the tone for English royal portraiture for years to come
Term

[image]

Garden of Earthly Delights

Definition
Hieronymous Bosch
1500
Oil on panel
  • continuous landscape unites all three panels
  • high horizon imply deep vista of Earth from an omniscent view point
  • left wing represents the Garden of Eden
    • God is presenting Eve to Adam
    • filled with exotic and strange hybrid animals
  • central panel is a depiction of Earth
    • humans frolick among exotic and supernatural plants and animals
  • right wing depicts hell
    • strange hybrid animals torture humans
  • triptych
  • not a traditional altarpiece a secular work
  • most consistent interpretation of the work links it to the practice of alchemy as an allegory of redemption
  • alchemic process
    • mixing - Adam and Eve
    • process of cooking diverse ingredients - central panel
    • burning of material - hell
    • final cleansing - signaled by the global earth rising out of the water
    • bosch was to a apothecary's daughter
Term

[image]

Flemish Proverbs

Definition
Pieter Bruegel the Elder
 1559
Oil on canvas
Term

[image]

Triumph of Death

Definition
Pieter Breugel the Elder
1562
Term

[image]

Return of the Hunters

Definition
Pieter Bruegel the Elder
1568
oil on panel
  • from set of paintings depicting the months
  • origin in medieval calendar illustrations
    • tres riches heures
  • nature is just not the setting for human activity but the subject of the painting
  • uncoventional use of perspective and foreground
  • breugel was a highly educated man with humanists friends and wealthy merchants who were his clientele
Term

[image]

Peasant Wedding

Definition
Pieter Bruegel the Elder
1568
oil on panel
  • bruegel and his patron used to dressed as peasants and joined in the fun to observe and sketch them
  • mastered italian perspective
    • viewer enters room dominated by table at which guests are seated
  • figures have seen of weight and solidarity
  • painting shows the common man occupies an important place in the scheme of things
Term

[image]

Blind leading the Blind

Definition
Pieter Bruegel the Elder
1568
oil on panel
  • visual interpretation of verbal wisdom
  • source is the Gospel of Matthew: "And if the blind lead the blind, both shall fall into the ditch"
  • uses detailed rendering of Netherlandish tradition to record the poverty of the beggars
  • church in the distance accuses religion of being the ones who are blind
 
Term

[image]

Musicians

Definition
Caravaggio
1595
oil on canvas
 
  • focuses on the sensual and erotic subject of music and young men
  • half-length but life-sized
  • flushed cheeks and full lips suggest erotic and sensual pleasures enjoyed by each other
  • lute, violin, music sheets, and grapes suggest a contemporary baccanal
  • comissioned for Cardinal de Monte who commissioned other homoerotic painting froms Caravaggio
Term

[image]

Calling of St. Matthew

Definition
Caravaggio
1599
oil on canvas
Contarelli Chapel, San Luigi dei Francesi, Rome
  • style was the initial stamp of the baroque period
  • new kind of naturalism
    • painted directly onto canvas and worked from a live model (titian did the same but did not work with a live model)
  • depicted world he knew
    •  people he painted were not of high renaissance form
    • not mannerist
    • realist
  • first time a sacred subject had been depicted as a contemporary lowlife
  • "lay Christianism" - spoke to both Catholics and Protestants
  • secular scenes, fancy costumes, and length of bodies would be seen in later paintings by followers
  • uses piercing light to announce Christ's presence
  • painting referred as tenebristic
  • Christ's hand and face illuminated so viewer could see the moment
  • gives visual expression to thoughts of the Counter-Reformation: mysteries of faith not revealed by speculation by through an inner experience open to everyone
Term

[image]

Conversion of St. Paul

Definition
Caravaggio
1601
Cerasi Chapel, Rome
  • tenebrism used to heighten drama and suggest divine light
  • next to the Assumption of the Virgin by Carracci
    • very dark in contrast
  • color and line not used for narrative instead he uses light
    • used to create shapes and textures as wel
  •  
Term

[image]

Supper at Emmaus

Definition
Caravaggio
1601
Term

[image]

Martyrdom of St. John the Baptist

Definition
Caravaggio
1608
Term

[image]

Judith and the Head of Holofernes

Definition
Artemisia Gentileschi
1625
  • daughter of Caravaggio's friend
  • characteristic subjects are heroines
    • rooted in her turbulent life with men
  • shows the instant after the beheading
  • object of attention is hidden from view accentuating the drama with the picture
  • tenebrism helps create a mood of mystery judith's emotion and understanding
  • caravaggian
Term

[image]

Self-Portrait

Definition
Artemisia Gentileschi
1638
oil on canvas
  • depicts herself as the allegorical figure of painting, La Pittura
  • dress and activity correspond with Cesare Ripa's description of La Pittura
    • dishelved black hair
    • gold chain hands from neck
    • brush in one hand, palatte in the other
Term

[image]

Triump of Bacchaus & Ariadne

Definition
Annibale Carracci
1597
fresco
Farnese ceiling, Palazzo Farnese, Rome
  • felt painting must return to nature
  • revival of the classics
  • ranks behind murals by michelangelo and raphael
  • meant to convey power, domination, extravaganze of patron
  • similated architecture
  • represented as an easel painting
  • trompe l'oiel - framed painting medallions and sculpture
    • "quadri riportati" - pictures transported to the ceiling without account to viewer's point of view
Term

[image]

Diane & Endymion

Definition
Annibale Carracci
1597
fresco
Farnese Celing, Palazzo Farnese, Rome
Term

[image]

Lanscape with the Flight into Egypt

Definition
Annibale Carracci
1603
oil on canvas
  • soft light and atmospheric recall titian and giorgione
  • figures play minor role
  • constructed ideal landscape evokes vision that nature is gentle but austere
Term

[image]

Aurora Ceiling

Definition
Guido Reni
Casino Rospigliosi, Rome
  • Raphealesque sytle of mythological panels
  • arrived at "official" classicism
  • fresco
  • grace becomes the pursuit of perfect beauty
  • relieflike design with glowing colors and dramatic light
Term

[image]

Aurora Ceiling

Definition
Guercino
1621
fresco, Casino Ludovisi, Rome
  • opposite of reni's
  • entire fresco turned into one with limitless space
    • architectural illusionistic framework (quadratura)
    • pictorial illusionism a la Correggio
    • Titian like light and color
    • the viewer is looking up and under the event taking place
Term

[image]

Allegory of Divine Providence

Definition
Pietro de Cortona
1633
fresco
Palazzo Barberini, Rome
  • combines quadratura, quadri riportati, di sutto in su
  • glorifies the Barberini Pope Urban VIII
  •  Divine Providence is the central figure in the fresco proclaiming the pope as her chosen one
  • Barberini bees surround Faith, Hope, and Charity
  • Cortona's style is the bridge between High Baroque and Baroque classicism
  • presents art as epic poetry
  • found inspiration in classical art and raphael
Term

[image]

Triumph of the Name of Jesus

Definition
Giovanni Battisa Gaulli
1672
fresco
Gesu, Rome
  • treated as a single unit that evokes a mystical vision
  • nave fresco spills dramatically over frame then turns to sculptures
  • subject is the illuminated name of Jesus (IHS)
    • references the jesuit order and concept that Jesus is the light of the world
Term

[image]

Baldacchino

Definition
Giovanni Bernini
1624
St. Peter's Rome
  •  internal focal point in St. Peter's
  • composite of sculptural and architectural
  • at the crossing of the transept and the nave and over St. Peter's crypt
  • bronze stripped from the ancient Pantheon
  • suggests fabric hanging between columnns
  • papal insignia decorates the Baldacchino (triple crowns, crossed key of St. Peter's, and the Barberini bees)
  • honors the power and majesty of God and the Pope
Term

[image]

David

Definition
Gianlorenzo Bernini
1623
  • strong relationship with antiquity
  • close to the Laocoon
  • harks back to the Hellenistic era
    • union of body and spirit
    • shows that Baroque and High Renaissance artist derived different styles from antiquity
  • implied presence of Goliath
  • space is charged with energy
  • shows distinctive feature with Baroque
    • engages the audience with subjct
Term

[image]

Ecstacy of St. Theresa

Definition
Gianlorenzo Bernini
1645
Cornaro Chapel, Rome
  • bernini was passionate in theater
  • Story of St. Theresa being pierced by an angel
  • makes experience as sensuous as Coreggio's "Jupiter and Io"
  • invisible compliment is force that carries subjects to heaven
  • divine nature suggest by golden rays
  • Bernini includes built-in audience
  • on sides of the chapel are balconies that contain marble sculptures of the Conaro family
  • ceiling fresco represents infinite space of heaven
  • theatricality in the service of faith was basic to the Counter-Reformation
  • steeped in Renaissance humanism
    • gestures and expression arouse emotions
  •  
Term

[image]

Pluto and Proserpina

Definition
Gianlorenzo Bernini
1621
  • note the way bernini polished the statue
  • indentations on Proserpina
    • signal a sense of realism
  • idealized view of Pluto
Term

[image]

Apollo and Daphne

Definition
Gianlorenzo Bernini
1622
  • Renaissance realism
  • emotion and gestures evoke the mood of the sculpture
  • metamorphosis of Daphne
  • chooses to show "while-in transition"
Term

[image]

Cathedra Petri

Definition
Gianlorenzo Bernini
1657
St. Peter's Rome
  • took form of the relic that is in St. Peter's
  • unifies sculpture architecure and light
Term

[image]

The Club-Footed Boy

Definition
Jusepe de Ribera
1642
  • humanist
  • words on paper: "Give me alms for the love of God"
  • plea for charity indicated that only through good work could the rich go to heaven: counter-reformation thought
  • made for the Viceroy of Naples
    • wealthy collector
    • thought would have made impact
  • boy seen as embodiment of joy
    • considered a way to dispense grace
      • opportunity for others to do good
Term

[image]

The Water Carrier of Seville

Definition
Diego Velasquez
1619
  • subject influenced by table top displays brought to Spain by the Flemish
  • scene related to Giving Drink to the Thirsty , one of the seven acts of mercy
  • chose a royal subject in order to get royal attention
Term

[image]

Surrender of Breda

Definition
Diego Velazquez
1634
  • dramatic and lush Titian-like painting
  • interpretation of an event in war betweent the Netherlands and Spain
  • shown in an elegant fashion
  • by having the two generals confront each other he transform a military moment to a human one
Term

[image]

Juan de Pareja

Definition
Diego Velazquez
1650
  • attention diverted to the face
  • lace collar picks up the whites in the face
  • a white patch, a tear, in his clothing reminds the viewer of class
Term

[image]

The Maids of Honor

Definition
Diego Velazquez
1656
  • group portrait and a genre scene
  • subject is Princess Margarita
  • parents appear in mirror on the back wall
    • position suggests a different vantage point for the viewer
  • canvas commemorates Velazquez's position as royal painter
  • reveals Velazquez's fascination with light fundamental to vision
    • more subtle use than Caravaggio
Term

[image]

St. Serapion

Definition
Francisco de Zurbaran
1628
  • reminder of Caravaggio
  • contrast between white garment and black background gives a heightened visual and expressive presence
Term

[image]

Raising of the Cross

Definition
Peter Paul Reubens
1606
  • studied ancient sculpture, works of the High Renaissance, and Caravaggio
  • muscular figures work to show physical power and passionate feeling
  • recalls Rosso's Descent from the Cross but more heroic in scale
  • Titian-like due to its rich color and luminosity
  • combined Italian influences with Netherlandish ideas
  • realist
  • the formation of the bodies burst out of the frames - a Baroque feature
  • sketch reveals a more crowded and not as focused picture in the making
  •  
Term

[image]

Portrait of Marchesa Brigida Spinola Doria

Definition
Peter Paul Reubens
1606
  • white satin
  • bejeweled gold rope with jewels, gem, onyx, and rubies
  • multilayered ruff is a symbol of class
  • red cape sets color contrast with dress and heightens color of face
  • diagonal movement of drapery suggests forward movement
Term

[image]

Marie De' Medici Landing in Marseilles

Definition
Peter Paul Reubens
1622
  • turns an unexciting event into one filled with allegory
  • Fame flies over Marie blowing a double trumpet
  • welcomed by France which is represented by a figure draped in the fleur-de-lis cape
  • Neptune and his crew rise out of the ocean- they protected her on her journey
Term

[image]

King Henry IV views Portrait of Marie de' Medici

Definition
Peter Paul Reubens
1622
Term

[image]

Garden of Love

Definition
Peter Paul Rubens
1638
  • tribute to life's pleasures
  • Rubens remarried and art turned towards the home life
Term

[image]

Three Graces

Definition
Peter Paul Rubens
1636
Term

[image]

Rinaldo and Armida

Definition
Anthony van Dyck
1629
  • taken from Torquato Tasso's poem Jerusalem Freed
  • shows sorceress falling in love with Christian soldier
  • conceptualized with Charles I in mind
    • life mirrored the tale
  • Titian and Veronese-like
Term

[image]

Portrait of Charles I Hunting

Definition
Anthony van Dyck
1635
  • represent the soverign at ease
  • dismounted equestrain portrait
  • less rigid and formal than Holbien's portrait of Henry VIII
  • king in command
    • horse and nature seem to bow down to him
  • brought court portrait up to date
Term

[image]

Banquet of the Officers of the St. George Civic Guard

Definition
Frans Hals
1616
  • military aspects subordinated to sense of general prosperity
  • highest ranking officers seated while the rest stand
  • 12 men surrounding the table suggest influence from da Vinci's Last Supper
  • realism achieved through gestures and "wet-in-wet" 
Term

[image]

Married Couple in Garden

Definition
Frans Hals
1622
  • combines relaxed informal atmosphere of genre painting with the formalness of portraiture
  • ivy - symbol of steadfast love
  • sharp contrast with van Eyck's Arnolfini Double Portrait
    • emotion seen between the couple
  • couple set off center to add sense of spontaneity
  • lace collar is a symbol of status
Term

[image]

The Jolly Toper

Definition
Frans Hals
1628
  • may present the allegory of Taste
  • combines Ruben's robustness with a focus on "dramatic movement"
    • signaled by the use of brush strokes
    • seems as if it were a quick sketch
Term

[image]

Supper at Emmaus

Definition
Rembrandt
1629
Term

[image]

Blinding of Samson

Definition
Rembrandt
1636
  • intensely realistic
  • Protestans viewed Old Testament stories as direct accounts of God's way with humans - lay Christian
  • master storyteller
  • theatrical light heightens drama
Term

 

[image]

Portrait of Saskia

Definition
Rembrandt
1633
  •  studied from live models
  • meant to commerate the betrohal
  • wears garments usually typical with pastoral wear
  • the love between rembrandt and his subject is clearly seen in sketch
Term

[image]

The Night Watch

Definition
Rembrandt
1642
  • did not give every figure equal weight in the painting
  • made the picture a virtuoso performance filled with movement and lighting
  •  
Term

[image]

Aristotle with the Bust of Homer

Definition
Rembrandt
1653
 
Term

[image]

Self-Portrait

Definition
Rembrandt
1658
  • very experimental with self-portrait
  • bold pose and penetrating look resolve the idea of nobility Rembrandt had
  • in comparison with Holbein's chiaroscuro is used to create mood as opposed to the color and dress
Term

[image]

Return of the Prodigal Sun

Definition
Rembrandt
1669
Term

[image]

The Hundred Guilder Print

Definition
Rembrandt
1650
  • depicts the entire 19th chapter of the gospel of St. Matthew
  • poignant and filled with pathos
  • deep compassion for the poor and outcast
Term
[image]
View of Haarlem across the bleaching fields
Definition
Jacob van Ruisdal
1670
  • sky occupies three-quarters of the painting
  • foreground are the bleaching fields where citizens would put their clothing out to be bleached by the sun
Term

[image]

The Jewish Cemetery

Definition
Jacob van Ruisdael
1670
  • natural forces dominate scene
  • Jews lived in Amsterdam
  • named Bet Haim
  • Jews were seen as "exotic" - reason why they were popular subjects
  • ruined building is catholic and suggests a contrast between both religions
  • vanitas - memorial of the brevity of life
Term

[image]

Woman Holding a Balance

Definition
Vermeer
1660
  • genre scene
  • painting in the background depicts the last judgement
  • parallels the activity of the woman
  • use of light from the left , flecks of light on the fabric, and reflections are Vermeer staples
  • may have used camera obscura, early form of the camera
  • one point perspective is used (to the left of the pinky finger)
Term

[image]

The Love Letter

Definition
Vermeer
1660
  • use of one-point perspective more prominent
  • three groups of intimacy
    • woman and lover
    • woman and maid
    • us and the scene
  • letters a popular theme in the 17th century
Term

[image]

Joseph and Jesus

Definition
Georges de la Tour
1640
  • use of lighting and realism are derived for Caravaggio
  • both figures are set in profile
  • candle - favorite device for de la Tour
  • candle provides warm paletter in dark painting
Term

[image]

Death of Germanicus

Definition
Poussin
1630
  • studied perspective, anatomy, and antiquity
  • works reflects his studies
  • death, loyalty, revenge
  • juxtaposition in emotions between the raucous soldiers and the somber family
  • architecture sets stage for the figures
Term

[image]

Garden of Flora

Definition
Poussin
1630
Term

[image]

Abduction of the Sabine Women

Definition
Poussin
1630
  • frozen in action, alike statues
  • derived from Giovanni Bologna's sculpture
  • reconstruction of architecture believed to be archelogically correct
  • used wax figures
Term

[image]

Landscape with St. John on Partmos

Definition
Poussin
1630
  • continues Carracci view of landscape created in "Landscape with the Flight of Egypt"
  • trees provide balance
  • suggests rational arrangement between physical and spiritual
Term

[image]

Landscape with a Mill

Definition
Lorraine
1650
  • elevated the status of landscape within the academy
  • first artist to paint oil paintings outdoors
  • visual narrative of ancient text
  • embellished landscape with mythical and religious subjects
  • in this painting the marriage of issac is being performed
Term

[image]

Expulsion of Hagar and Ishmael

Definition
Lorraine
1650
Term

[image]

Portrait of King Louis XIV

Definition
Rigaud
1700
  • resembles van Dyck's portrait of Charles I
  • intentional comparison due to the fact that it follows formulatic portraiture
Term

[image]

A Pilgrimage to Cythera

Definition
Watteau
1720
  • Reubeniste
  • idyllic images of aristocratic life
  • didn't conform to a category set forth by the academy
  • evocation of love and includes elements of classicals mythology
  • melding of human passions and Nature in privacy and freedom
  • delicate colors suggest gentle nature of couple's relationship
  • altered scale and Titian-like color
  •  
Term

[image]

Mezzetin

Definition
Watteau
1720
  • stock image of commedia dell'arte
  • suitor playing music to her
  • may be related to watteau's courtship of his wife
  • pale color pallette
Term

[image]

Gersaint's Signboard

Definition
Watteau
1720
  • created for a friend who owned a gallery as advertisement
  • took 8 morning to complete
  • natural elegant poses of figures
Term

[image]

Toilet of Venus

Definition
Boucher
1750
  • Venus transformed to a youthful figure
  • pink tones in skin and background
  • lush and erotic Rococo painting - pale hues of pink, blue, and rose
  • mirror of etravagent and exuberant lifestyles
Term

[image]

The Swing

Definition
Fragonard
1760
  • thrill of sexual opportunity in an outdoor setting
  • traditional Rococo qualities
  • painted sculptures are used to reinforce theme
  • overgrown forest with soft tones are signals to fertility and sex
Term

[image]

The Bathers

Definition

Fragonard

1760

Term

[image]

Back from the Market

Definition
Chardin
1730
  • shows life in a Parisian bourgeois household
  • soft
Term

[image]

Kitchen Still-Life

Definition
Chardin
1730
  • symbols of life and value to the common people
Term

[image]

Blowing Bubbles

Definition
Chardin
1730
Term

[image]

Apollo Ceiling

Definition
Tiepolo
1750
Kaiseraal Residenz, Wurzburg
Term

[image]

The Marriage of Frederick Barbarossa

Definition
Tiepolo
1750
Kaiserall Residenz, Wurzburg
Term

[image]

Nymph and Satyr Carousing

Definition
Clodion
1780
 
Term
quadraturra
Definition
illusionistic ceiling painting
Term
quadro riportarto
Definition
"carried" painting
Supporting users have an ad free experience!