Money from Congress to chart & take photos of West

Railroad in 1869

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Watkins- tree 

O Sullivan - boat

Romantic, wide-open, people diminished, empty

Eadward Muybridge 

Goes to San Fransisco.

1906 earthquakes destroy so much later, so historical record is important

Hayden Survey - photos by William Henry Jackson

Nebraska, Wyoming, Colorado 

William Henry Jackson: 

Started at Gettysburg. Focused on the unusual- cross in mountains, etc. Possibly influenced/influenced by Thomas Moran 

Watkins 

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West photographer 

San Fran gold rush, business fourishes

Expedition to Yosemite- "Garden of Eden" 

Colonel Fremont owns land along Yosemite, paradoxially wants to show what's his and wants people to be interested. Commissioned Watkins. 

Abumen prints. Grand, clear, large. 

Watkins (cont) 

Agassiz's interest 

Catastrophism 

Agassiz (zoologist) interested in Watkins because he was a follower of... 

Catastrophism- if they could prove earth came about with a wild upheaval, evolution doesn't exist. Look for "grand moment" - waterfalls, forms, etc. 

Edward Curtis 

& Native Americans 

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Alaskan gold rush, volumes of Alaskan prints 

Trips to reservations to collect vanishing Native Americans 

Says they are objective & scientific, but they are romantic

"American" point of view- superiority 

Stereotype and expectation, took out clocks

Later does Hollywood, Ten Commandments

Collecting people, "types" 

Annan - slums of Scotland 

British Raj in India 

Other side of justice- Gardener - Lincoln's conspirators, hangings 

Orientalism 

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See photographs of women- loose, easy, different morals

Roger Fenton (last seen: Crimea) 

Self portraits & model shots of him. Contrived "Oriental" 

Collaborator- Frank Dillion 

British scholar, translator, linguist, mountaineer, anti-suffragist (?) 

Spy, major role in split of Turkey/Iraq

Baghdad Museum founder 

Took photos of peasants- poor souls! (similar to Curtis) 

Euro-American perspective