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| first renaissance artist worked on cadavers |
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| Searched for specific remedies or cures to specific diseases located in specific organs, spurred intense interest in chemicals as medicines |
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| Recognized throughout Europe as the greatest chemical mind of the age; Discovered O2.Cl, NH3, glycerine, lactose, and a host of inorganic acids |
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| Excelled in meteorology; gave name to the cloud formations we use today |
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| One of the greatest philosopher/writers of the age (1500-1800s?) |
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| Philadelphia apothecary became apothecary general and first person to be a pharmacist in the army, had a facility for manuf. compounding, and packaging medicine chests |
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| NY physician that set meetings for medical societies and schools to create regional formularies. "Materia medica" and "preparations and compisitions" |
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| Pushes through the drug import law of 1848 |
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| Exemplified new "professional". "ones income should not determine their healthcare" first pharmacist faculty member of PCP school, co authored first American textbook on practice of pharmacy, edited American Journal of Pharmacy, discovered methyl salicylate (wintergreen), "father of American Pharmacy" |
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| French village apothecary discovered morphine |
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| Frustrated with the lack of knowledge of how drugs actually worked in the human body, he devoted himself to systematically studying effects of where and how plant drugs affected the bodies of animals. He started with plants that had a known (good or bad) effect on the body. Drugs depended on the route of administration. Circulatory route was how drug was delivered to parts of the body. Composed Formulaire – 1st modern therapeutics text, Father of experimental pharmacy |
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| pharmacy owner and faculty member at the Paris Ecole de Pharmacie, devoted much of his research to isolating and identifying individual chemical compounds in a given plant. He did so by systematically altering such variables as temperature, solvent, changes in pH, etc. Only seven years after graduation he was considered one of Frances brightest phytochemists; worked with Magendie; Along with Joseph Caventou, found quinine, colchicines, anti-malarial powder and became rich |
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| French mathematician that applied statistical analysis to clinical data, showed that bleeding had an overall negative effect, showed that old materia medica was either useless or harmful |
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| wife and all children die under care of MD, wanted to find better way to treat people and help with disease, all disease due to presence of “cold”, treatment is mixture of herbs, family rights system of do it yourself books, every man is his own physician, “friendly botanical societies”, very popular |
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| • Samuel Hahnemann (German MD) |
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| brought homeopathy to US, creates own philosophy based on his observations, human body’s own power to cure itself DO NOT INTERVENE, if so only assist natural healing power, use meds that will aid body’s defenses, meds produce same symptoms as disease, give smallest dose possible |
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| Austrian MD, hydropathy to US, NO DRUGS, complete reliance on nature, emphasis on water, focus on prevention by living a clean life, domestic do it yourself manuals, few MDs no pharmacists |
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| founder 7th day Adventist, established number of clinics, published books, newspapers, journals |
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| Christian science, clean living as prevention and reliance on healing power of God |
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| British philosopher, “wealth of nations”, laissez-faire |
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| wrote one of the first textbooks on chemistry, laboratory thermometer |
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| wrote the most widely used text in chemistry, the standard for ~100 years |
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| discovered beet sugar, phosphoric acid and many other compounds |
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| developed the concept of salt formation from acids and bases |
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| M.H. Klaproth, L. N. Vauquelin |
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| one of the primary developers of the science of analytical chemistry |
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| discovered mannitol; developed the theory that elements combine in definite, constant proportions |
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