comprised of agnoia (ignorace), hybris (arrogance), hamartia (mistake) and nemesis (divine retribution)

A man (ruler) who is at his prime, wealthy and powerful will become a tragic hero.

Ex. Xerxes, Oedipus

Who was Thucydides?

Author for the 'History of the Peloponnesian War' (Sparta vs Athens)

method; literature, archaeology, eyewitnesses, autopsy, speeches.

Fought in the war and was exiled in 424 BCE. 

What are the aspects of Power in a State?

1) Military; command the army

2) Religious; represent the community before the gods

3) Legal; public vs private law, legislative, judicial

4) Economic; power to collect and spend public funds

What are the organs of government?

1) Executive; makes decisions in the state

2) Administrative

3) Legislative; body of state, ex. Assembly

What is a Tyrant and their qualities?

comes from Greek words tyrannos (usurper or benevolent dictator)

takes control of state, very charismatic and popular among the people

typical acts include; warfare, religon and cultural expansion, building programs, economic, tribal reform

Describe Argos and it's Tyrants.

- Pheidon c. 680-660 BCE

introduced weights and measures, Dorian invasion (Temenos). Expansion; Battle of Hysiae c. 669 BCE, Olypmia/Olympic Games 668 BCE

Describe the City state of Cornith

Isthmus of Corinth = wealth due to sea trade

Acrocornith = large forified citadel, remained a strong state from 10th BCE on

Flourished economy = oriental/corinthian style of pottery, ca. 725-550 BCE. Corinithian style helmets and architecture became the norm for all of Greece.

Was sacked by Romans in 146 BCE and became "exemplary punishment" (salt places in fields and buildings burned to the ground)

What was the Corinthian government?

Was a monarchy to ca. 800 BCE with a narrow aristocracy from ca. 750 BCE (council of 200)

From 657 BCE was ran by various tyrants.

Who were the Tyrants of Corinth?

1) Cypselus, ca. 657-627 BCE. Story includes folktale motifs (Delphic Oracle, threat to birth, assassins, nemesis) Had wealthy supporters, government and tribal reforms, founded colonies in the west

2) Periander, ca 627-587 BCE. Seven Wise men of Greece? Crimes include; castration of boys, war on father-in-law, wore women's clothing, etc.

3) Cypselus II, ca. 587-585. Links to Eygpt, expelled ca. 585 BCE; Spartan help "liberator of the Greeks". Brought Corinth into the Peloponnesian league.

Describe the Tyranny of Sicyon?

Cleisthenes of Sicyon, ca. 600-570 BCE, opposed Argos and lead a tribal reform

Fought for Delphi at the first Sacred War

liberation by Sparta and into Peloponnesian League in ca. 555 BCE