Zachary Taylor

Henry Clay

- republican candidate; able to win the presidency with 180 electoral votes- won 39% of the popular vote but did NOT win a single southern state

- a series of paths and houses that served as a way for runaway slaces to escape to Canada; 40,000-100,000 slaves got their freedom from this.

-w/ the help of Harriet Tubman

- occured in Ireland 1845-1849 which caused a huge wave of immigration to the US; germans emigrated and established homes in the North/Midwest

- immigrants often faced discrimination in the cities of the North because they were willing to work for less wages than Americans

- in Philadelphia; May 1844 trouble between the Irish immigrants and members of the American Republican Party broke out; formed to limit immigration:

- members of the party attempted to go vote in heavy Irish districts; riots broke out & irish homes/churches were burned; 30 people were killed by violence

- first governor: Joeseph Jenkins Roberts

- there was a belief that African- Americans would never be treated equally in America; the American Colonization Society established this country along the western coast of Africa for free African-Americans

many problems with this idea (from the beginning):

- many whites simply did NOT want to live w/ African-Americans so they supported the idea

- the plan offended many African-Americans b/c they were just as "american" as everyone else

- only about 1,400 free African- American emigrated to Liberia

- one group that liked the idea was the southern farmers; believed that free African- Americans were causing slave revolts

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republican candidate: Abraham Lincoln

the democrats could not agree on one candidate so they nominated two- Stephen Douglass & John C Breckinridge

with the democratic vote split, Lincoln was able to win the Presidency with 180 electoral votes:

- Lincoln recieved 39% of the popular vote

- Lincoln did NOT win a single southern state

- after the election, southern states began to secede from the Union; Dec. 20th, 1860 South Carolina became the first state to secede

- the states claimed that since they joined together voluntarily, they free to leave on their own

-the southern states taht seceded formed the Confederate States of America

THE US IS DIVIDED & ON THE WAY TO THE CIVIL WAR!