Term
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Definition
| The study of normal structure |
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Term
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Definition
| Cell WITHOUT defined nucleus and WITHOUT nuclear membrane |
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Term
| Nuclear envelope/membrane |
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Definition
| Encloses the nucleus/genetic material, regulates import/export via nuclear pores |
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Term
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Definition
Complementary to DNA (via transcription)
Binds to ribosomes which read it (via translation) to produce proteins |
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Term
| Plasma membrane/plasmalemma |
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Definition
Separate cell's contents from the external environment
dynamic interface between external/internal
Lipid bilayer |
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Term
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Definition
| 2 layers of lipid molecules with hydrophillic heads facing external and internal environment and hydrophobic tails facing in toward the core of the bilayer |
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Term
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Definition
Protein that is permanently attached to bilayer - anchored to bilayer
Span bilayer |
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Term
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Definition
| Adhere only temporarily to membrane, do not penetrate hydrophobic core |
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Term
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Definition
| Modification and folding of proteins synthesized on ribosomes, synthesis of some lipids |
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Term
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Definition
| Final assembly and glycosylation of proteins and dispatch to their ultimate destination |
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Term
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Definition
| the liquid portion of the cell that is not within organelles |
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Term
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Definition
| scaffolding/skeleton within the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| component of cytoskeleton - involved in mitosis, cytokinesis, and vesicular transport |
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Term
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Definition
| 'intermediate' because their average diameter was between those of narrower microfilaments (actin) and wider myosin filaments |
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Term
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Definition
| thinnest filaments of the cytoskeleton found in the cytoplasm |
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Term
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Definition
carbohydrate-enriched coating that covers the outside of many eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells, particularly bacteria.
When on eukaryotic cells the glycocalyx can be a factor used for the recognition of the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| lipids with a carbohydrate attached. Their role is to provide energy and also serve as markers for cellular recognition. |
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Term
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Definition
proteins that contain oligosaccharide chains (glycans) covalently attached to polypeptide side-chains
important integral membrane proteins, where they play a role in cell-cell interaction |
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Term
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Definition
| study of the change in structure because of disease |
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Term
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Definition
| Eukaryotic Cell - contains genetic information |
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Term
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Definition
| protoplasm in nucleus - like cytoplasm in the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| organelle that makes proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| defined nucleus that contains genetic material |
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Term
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Definition
| rRNA is transcibed and assembled here |
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Term
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Definition
| genetic blueprint -found in nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
| the part of the cell enclosed by the cell membrane EXCLUDING the nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
| ER with ribosomes attached |
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Term
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Definition
| Without ribosomes, synthesis lipids and steroids |
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Term
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Definition
| Secretory vesicles become increasingly condensed as they migrate though the cytoplasm to form SECRETORY GRANULES which are then liberated at the cell surface by exocytosis |
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Term
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Definition
| Energy production in the form of ATP |
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Term
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Definition
| A cell that has assumed a specialized function |
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Term
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Definition
| Relatively undifferentiated cells that are able to divide and replace the differentiated cell population as required |
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Term
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Definition
The collective process of a cell taking up particulate matter and large macromolecules
--many different types of endocytosis |
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Term
| Receptor-mediated endocytosis |
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Definition
| Used extensively for the uptake of specific molecules that bind to cell surface receptors |
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Term
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Definition
| is the cellular process of phagocytes and protists engulfing solid particles by the cell membrane to form an internal phagosome (vacuole) |
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Term
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Definition
| Interphase, Mitotic phase: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase |
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Term
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Definition
| block the passage of molecules between adjacent cells – cannot penetrate between the lining of cells |
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Term
| Zonula adheren/ Desmosomes |
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Definition
| give the epithelium strength by linking the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells |
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Term
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Definition
| provide a conduit for the passage of small molecules directly between adjacent cells – allows signaling by the passage of small molecules between adjacent cells to coordinate and synchronies functions of the epithelium |
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