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HESI A&P
A&P Terminology
63
Nursing
Not Applicable
01/17/2010

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Cards

Term
Abdominopelvic
Definition
Cavity composed of the abdmen and the pelvis
Term
Absorption
Definition
Movement of nutrients from the digestive tube ino the bloodstream
Term
Actin
Definition
Protein making up the I band of the sarcomere
Term
Amino Acid
Definition
The building block of proteins
Term
Antibody
Definition
Special Proteins that protect the body from foreign substances
Term
ATP
Definition

Abbreviation for adenosine triphosphate,

which is the energy of the cell

Term
Atria
Definition
Upper chambers of the heart
Term
Bile
Definition
Product of the liver that emulsifies fat
Term
Cartilage
Definition
Tissue made of cells and fibers that connect and support
Term
Ceruminous Gland
Definition
Gland of the ear that produces earwax
Term
Chromosomes
Definition
Bodies within the nucleus made of DNA and proteins call histones
Term
Cilia
Definition
Small hairlike projections on some cells
Term
CNS
Definition

Abbreviation for Central Nervous System,

which is made up of the brain and spinal cord

Term
Coronal Plane
Definition
Imaginary line passing through the body from head to feet that divides the body into front and back portions
Term
Cranial Cavity
Definition
Body cavity containing the brain
Term
Diaphragm
Definition
Dome-shaped breathing muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities
Term
Diffusion
Definition
Movement of materials from high concentration to lower concentration
Term
Digestion
Definition
the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food
Term
Dorsal Horn
Definition
Crescent-shaped projection of grey matter witin the spinal cord where sensory neurons enter the spinal cord
Term
ECG
Definition

Abbreviation for Electrocardiogram,

which is a record of the electrical activity of the heart

Term
Embryo
Definition
Prenatal development time between the zygot and the fetus
Term
Endometrium
Definition
inner lining of the uterus
Term
Enzymes
Definition
Functional proteins; their names usually end in ase
Term
Foramen Magnum
Definition
A passage in the skull bone through which the spinal cord enters the spinal column
Term
Glucose
Definition
A simple sugar found in certain foods, especially fruits
Term
Homeostasis
Definition
The physiologic steady state that is naturally maintained within the body
Term
Hypothalamus
Definition
Portion of the brain that regulates body temperature, sleep, and apppetite
Term
Ingest
Definition
To eat food and drink
Term
Joints
Definition
Articulations between adjoining bones
Term
Keratin
Definition
A tough, fibrous, insoluble protein forming the primary component of skin, hair, nails, and tooth enamel
Term
Keratinized Epithelium
Definition
The dead cells of the epidermis
Term
Lacteal Vessel
Definition
Found within the villi of intestinal wall, where fat nutrints are absorbed
Term
Ligaments
Definition
Tissue connecting bone to bone
Term
Median Plane
Definition
An imaginary line dividing the body or body part into right and left portions
Term
Mediastinum
Definition
Space within the thoracic cavity that houses all the organs of the chest except the lungs
Term
Metabolism
Definition
The sum total of uses of ATP in the body
Term
Mucous Membrane
Definition
Thin sheets of tissue cells that line body openings or canals that open to the outside of the body
Term
Myosin
Definition
A protein that makes up nearly half of the proteins in muscle cells
Term
Nucleus
Definition
the control center of the cell
Term
Oral Cavity
Definition
the mouth; also known as the buccal cavity
Term
Orbits
Definition
Cavities containing the eyes
Term
Organelle
Definition
A structurally discrete component of a cell that performs a specific function
Term
pH
Definition
measurement associated with acids and bases
Term
Phagocytosis
Definition
Engulfing of materials by certain cells of the body
Term
Plasma
Definition
the liquid portion of blood
Term
Pulmonary Circulation
Definition
Blood flow through a network of vessels between the heart and the lungs for the oxygenation of blood and the remaoval of carbon dioxide
Term
Ribosome
Definition
the organelle of the cell wehre protein synthesis takes place
Term
Sagittal
Definition
an imaginary line running from front to back that divides the body into right and left protions
Term
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Definition
Organelle of the muscle fiber that stores calcium
Term
Sebaceous Glands
Definition
Oil glands of the skin
Term
Serous Membranes
Definition
Thin sheets of tissue that line body cavitites not having exits to the outside
Term
Spinal Column
Definition
the backbone tht protects the spial cord, which runs inside of it
Term
Subcutaneous Tissue
Definition
layer of tissue under the dermis that contains adipose tissue
Term
Sudoriferous Glands
Definition
sweat glands
Term
Synovial Membranes
Definition
Loose, connective tissue that lines the joint cavity
Term
Systemic Circulaiton
Definition
the general blood circulation of the body, not including the lungs
Term
Thoracic Cavity
Definition
the chest cavity
Term
Transverse Plane
Definition
an imaginary line dividing the body or body parts into top and bottom portions
Term
Vasoconstriction
Definition
a narrowing of the diameter of a blood vessel
Term
Vasodilation
Definition
a widening of the diameter of a blood vessel
Term
Ventral Horns
Definition
the anterior columns of the gray matter of the spinal cord
Term
Ventricles
Definition
Lower chambers of the heart
Term
Zygote
Definition
the fertilized egg, from the time it is fertilized until it is implanted in the uterus
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