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Definition
| a technique used to determine the actual age of a fossil |
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Definition
| the movement of materials through the cell membrane using energy |
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| a trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce |
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| small molecules that are linked together chemically to form proteins |
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| a technique by which a small amount of the fluid that surrounds a developing baby is removed; the fluid is analyzed to determine whether the baby will have a genetic disorder |
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Definition
| the smallest unit of an element |
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Definition
| an organism that makes it's own food |
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| a diagram that shows how scientists think different groups of organisms are related |
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Definition
| a disease in which some body cells grow and divide uncontrollably, damaging the parts of the body around them |
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Definition
| energy rich organic compounds, such as sugars and starches, that are made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
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| a person who has one recessive allele for a trait and one dominant allele, but does not have the trait |
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Definition
| a type of fossil that forms when a mold becomes filled in with minerals that harden |
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| the basic unit of structure and function in living things |
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Definition
| the regular sequence of growth and division that cells undergo |
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Definition
| a cell structure that controls which substances that can enter or leave the cell |
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| a widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things |
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| a rigid layer of non-living material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms |
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Definition
| the use of drugs to kill cancer cells |
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Definition
| a green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria |
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Definition
| a structure in the cells of plants and some other organisms that captures energy from sunlight and uses it to produce food |
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Definition
| one of the identical rods of a chromosome |
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Definition
| material in cells that carries DNA and genetic information |
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Definition
| a double rod of condensed chromatin that carries DNA and genetic information |
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Definition
| an organism that is genetically identical to the organism form which it was produced |
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Definition
| a condition in which neither of the two alleles of a gene are dominant or recessive |
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Definition
| two or more elements that are chemically combined |
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Definition
| a light microscope that has more than one lens. |
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Definition
| experiment which all factors are kept constant except one |
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Definition
| a curved lens in which the center is thick than the edges |
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Definition
| the final stage of the cell cycle in which the cell cytoplasm divides distributing the organelles in each of the two new cells |
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Definition
| the region between the cell membrane and the nucleus; in organisms without a nucleus, the region located inside a cell membrane |
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Definition
| the process by which molecules move to a area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
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Definition
| deoxyribonucleic acid; the genetic material that carries information about an organism and is passed from parent to offspring |
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Definition
| an allele who's trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present |
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Definition
| any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances |
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Term
| endoplasmic reticulum (ER) |
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Definition
| a cell structure that froms a maze of passage ways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another |
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Definition
| a type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in living things |
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Definition
| the gradual change in a species over time |
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| a species that doesn't have any living members |
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Definition
| the process by which cells break down molecules to release energy without using oxygen |
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Definition
| the preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past |
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| the millions of fossils that scientists have collected |
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Definition
| the insertion of working copies of a gene into the cells of a person with a genetic disorder in an attempt to correct the disorder |
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Definition
| a segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait |
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Definition
| an abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes |
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| the transfer of a gene from the DNA of one organism into another organism in order to produce an organism with desired traits |
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| the scientific study of heredity |
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| all of the DNA in one cell of an organism |
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Definition
| an organism's genetic makeup, or allele combination |
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Term
| golgi body/golgi complex/golgi apparatus |
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Definition
| a structure on the cell that recieves proteins and other newly formed materials form the ER, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell |
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Definition
| the theory that evolution occurs slowly, but steadily |
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Definition
| the time it takes for half of the atoms in a radioactive element to break it down |
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Definition
| the passing of traits from parents to offspring |
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Definition
| an organism that cannot make its own food |
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Definition
| having two different alleles for a trait |
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Definition
| body parts that are structurally similar in related species; provide evidence that the structures were inherited from a common ancestor |
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Definition
| having identical alles for a trait |
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Definition
| an organism that has two different alleles for a trait; an organism that is heterozygous for a particular trait |
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Definition
| a selective breeding method in which two genetically different individuals are crossed |
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Definition
| a possible explanation for a set of observations or answer to a scientific question; must be testable |
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Definition
| selective breeding method in which two individuals with identical or similar sets of alleles are crossed |
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| a compound that does not contain carbon |
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