Term
| body fluids accounts for what percent of body weight? |
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Definition
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Term
| What amount of fluid is intracellular? |
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Definition
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Term
| what amount of fluid is interstitial? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the pressure exerted by a fluid at a given point within the fluid, due to the force of gravity |
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Term
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Definition
| the pressure exerted by the concentration of proteins, particularly albumin |
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Term
| In the arterials, which is higher, the osmotic pressure or the hydrostatic pressure and what is the purpose of this? |
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Definition
| The hydrostatic pressure is higher, which drives fluid into the interstitium. (ultrafiltration) |
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Term
| In the venules, which is higher, the osmotic pressure or the hydrostatic pressure and what is the purpose of this? |
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Definition
| The osmotic pressure is higher, which drives fluid inward into the vessel. (reabsorption) |
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Term
| Where does excess fluid in the interstitium get drained to? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| excessive fluid within interstitial space or joint cavity |
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Term
| what are two types of edema? |
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Definition
Generalized i.e. anasarca
localized i.e. pulmonary, cerebral |
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Term
| What are the two reasons edema is harmful? |
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Definition
increases the interstitial pressure.
Increases diffusion distance for O2/nutrients as well as removal of byproducts/waste |
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Term
| What are four mechanisms that lead to edema? |
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Definition
1. Increased intravascular hydrostatic pressure
2. Decreased plasma osmotic pressure
3. increased permeability
4. impaired lymphatic pump |
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Term
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Definition
| Generalized edema throughout the body |
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Term
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Definition
| Swelling of the lower extremeties |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Pit or depression forms after pressure is applied |
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Term
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Definition
| caused by tight socks, stockings, undergarments, or pressure of a pregnant uterus on pelvic veins |
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Term
| What are the numbers on the scale for Pitting Edema, and what do the numbers correspond to in cm? |
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Definition
| Numbers are 0-4, and each number corresponds to cm multipled by 2, so a 4 would be 8 cm. |
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Term
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Definition
| Caused by obstruction of lymph channels |
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Term
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Definition
| due to retention of sodium and/or water, often associated with renal disease |
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Term
| What are three disease commonly associated with Edema? |
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Definition
| HTN, Renal failure, Congestive Heart Failure |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of stemming blood flow via fibrin meshwork that binds blood cells into solid or semi-solid plugs |
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Term
| What are 5 types of pathologic thrombi? |
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Definition
Intramural (Within heart chambers)
Valvular (within heart valves)
Arterial (common with atherosclerosis)
Microvascular (within small vessels)
Venous (stasis) |
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Term
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Definition
| Endothelial injury, hemodynamic changes (i.e. Stasis=like long plane ride), hypercoagulability |
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Term
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Definition
| freely moving mass within the vasculature, which can occlude blood supply |
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Term
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Definition
| vein>vena cava>Right heart>pulmonary artery>lodged in diminished sized pulmonary arteries |
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Term
| What percentage of hospital deaths are caused by venous thromboemboli? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| originate in the left chamber/valves or from atherosclerotic plaques |
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Term
| what size arteries do arterial thromboemboli tend to lodge in? |
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Definition
| medium size arteries (Middle cerebral artery>stroke) |
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