Term
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Definition
| IMMATURE CELLS produced in the BONE MARROW which are precursors to ALL CELL TYPES |
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Term
| 3 components of CBC and their purposes |
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Definition
RBC: O2 carrying capacity
WBC: immunity
Platelets: clotting ability |
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Term
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Definition
erythrocyte:
biconcave disc-shaped cells
carry O2 from lungs to tissues, carry CO2 from tissues to lungs
derived from pluripotent stem cells |
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Term
| Intervention for Iron and/or Folate deficiency anemia |
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Definition
You recovered because you WiLLeD it!
Whole grains
Leafy, dark green vegetables
Legumes
Dried Fruit |
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Term
| Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia intevention |
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Definition
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Term
| Your patient's post-chemo lab values have come back, an abnormal value you expect to see is... |
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Definition
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Term
| erythrocytosis is caused by... |
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Definition
| ...low paO2, dehydration (concentration), and stress |
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Term
| reticulocyte count in anemia vs. bone marrow depression |
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Definition
Reticulocytes: immature RBCs
RC is high in anemia (compensatory)
where it is low in BMD (poor production) |
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Term
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Definition
"Mean Cell Volume"
determines relative volume of avg. RBC (micro-, normo-, and macrocytic)
tends to mirror water content |
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Term
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Definition
mean cellular Hb concentration
determines color: hypo-, normo-, and hyperchromicity |
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Term
hemoglobin is made up of...
with a low Hb lab value one must also check... |
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Definition
...heme (complex molecule) and globin (protein)
...albumin levels, could be due to malnutrition |
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Term
| In dehydration, Hct is... |
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Definition
| ...falsely increased (less water, higher %RBC) |
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Term
| Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) |
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Definition
measure of how quickly RBCs move through a tube of anticoagulated blood
decreased by: CAM'D: CHF, Anemia, Mono, & Drugs (albumin, cortisol)
increased by: CAP AID: Cancer, Autoimmune, Pregnancy, AMI, Inflammation/Infection, and Drugs (blood thinners) |
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Term
| The platelet count tells you... |
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Definition
| ...how MANY thrombocytes you have, NOT how well they work |
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Term
| Pt's lab comes back with a platelet count of 1.2 mil/mm3, the prudent nurse would... |
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Definition
| ...assess for pulmonary emboli, and alert the MD |
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Term
| White blood cell classifications and their constituents |
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Definition
Granulocyte (neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils)
Agranulocyte (monocyte, macrophages, lymphocytes)
Phagocyte (mono-/macrophages, neutr-, bas-, and eosinophils)
Immunocyte (lymphocytes) |
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Term
| Location of action of eosinophils |
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Definition
| site of parasitic infections and allergic responses |
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Term
| Neutrophils' reaction to infection (acute vs. chronic) |
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Definition
high bands, increasing seg levels
vs.
normal bands, steady high seg levels |
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Term
| Recreational steroid use affects your blood cells in what way? |
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Definition
| Reduces neutrophil production (1st line of defense) and depletes monocyte count (2nd line of defense) putting you at much much higher risk for infection |
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Term
Left shift vs. Right shift
(neutrophils) |
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Definition
elevated bands, after severe infection depletes mature neuts
vs.
high mature seg count due to anemia, Downs Syndrome, or liver disease |
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Term
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Definition
| low total WBC due to decreased production (chemo, radiation) or depletion (exhaustive infection) |
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Term
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Definition
| low Absolute Neutrophil Count due to infection, lithium, antibiotics, and antidepressants; [(segs + bands)WBC]/100 < 500 |
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Term
| Types of Leukemia from best to worst prognosis and rationale |
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Definition
Chronic Myelogneous Leukemia (CML): 90+% Philadelphia chromosome (easy to diagnose, easy to treat, usually die of something else)
Lymphocytic (CLL): can live for decades
Acute (AML): most common in adults, associated with toxins, comorbidities
ALL: Common in children, B & T-cell malignancy |
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Term
| Major death risk for hematology pts |
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Definition
SEPSIS
multiple transfusions/marrow transplants
Constant/repetitive Central/IV lines |
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Term
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Definition
autosomal recessive trait yielding misshapen Hb molecules giving the RBCs (~80%) a sickle-shape
Common in populations whose heritage is historically Malaria-ridden |
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Term
| Pts with sickle cell disease are at increased risk for what sudden deadly condition? |
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Definition
| Infarction; due to the sickle-shape, cells are more adhesive |
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Term
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Definition
Plasma cell cancer
incurable, but treatable
Bence-Jones protein is a marker heretofore |
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Term
Ally has type A blood.
Ben, type B.
Abed, type AB.
Orville, type O.
Who can donate blood to whom? |
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Definition
Ally can donate to Abdar only
Ben can donate to Abdar only
Abed cannot donate to anyone (Type AB only; universal recipient)
Orville can donate to Ally, Ben, and Abed (universal donor) |
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