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Health Psychology 178
DiMatteo
41
Psychology
Undergraduate 3
04/22/2009

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Term
age cohort
Definition
A group of people born at the same time who thus share similar experiences (e.g. people born in the late 1940s were young adults in the Vietnam era)
Term
animism
Definition
The belief that every movement (of living or nonliving objects) is caused by animating spirits
Term
auscultation
Definition
The process of listening for sounds within the human body
Term
biomedical model
Definition
a model that assumes that illness can be fully accounted for by a person's deviations from the norm on measurable biological variables
Term
biopsychosocial model
Definition
a model that requires that psychological and social factors be included in any attempt to understand symptoms and the experience of illness
Term
capitation
Definition
a system in which all healthcare needs are provided for a fixed monthly or quarterly fee per person
Term
casual inference
Definition
a definitive statement about the cause of a phenomenon
Term
control group
Definition
in an experiment, the group that is randomly assigned to receive no treatment
Term
conversion hysteria
Definition
the phenomenon in which it is believed that unconscious psychological anxiety is transformed into physical symptoms
Term
correlation
Definition
an association between 2 variables
Term
covary
Definition
to correlate, to relate in a specified and predictable way
Term
cross-lagged correlation
Definition
an assessment of the degree of association between 2 variables, one of which is viewed as a lagged value of the outcome variable
Term
cross-sectional research
Definition
research that compares subjects on one or more variables at a single point in time
Term
diagnosis
Definition
the identification of disease based on signs and symptoms
Term
dialysis
Definition
a process of mechanically filtering toxic by-products from the blood
Term
disease 
Definition
physical findings and symptoms that form a definable disease entity
Term
dualism
Definition
the idea that mind and body are separate and independent entities
Term
etiology
Definition
cause and origin
Term
experimental group
Definition
a group or condition in which the participants receive a manipulation or intervention
Term
field study
Definition
a study that is conducted in a natural setting
Term
general practitioner 
Definition
a physician trained to treat a wide variety of diseases
Term
germ theory
Definition
the idea that microorganisms cause disease
Term
hospice 
Definition
a method of care for the terminally ill in which the goal is not to cure, but to provide comfort and emotional support to the patient and family
Term
humors
Definition
the 4 bodily fluids (phlegm, blood, black bile, yellow bile) related to personality; disequilibrium was proposed by the Greeks to result in disease
Term
illness
Definition
may or may not involve clinical signs, symptoms, and a disease entity. involves functional impairment as well as effects on cognitions, emotions, and behaviors
Term
laboratory study
Definition
a study conducted in the laboratory as opposed to the natural environment
Term
longitudinal study 
Definition
compares subjects on one or more variables over time
Term
meta-analysis
Definition
a research technique in which the "cases" are research studies; allows researchers to statistically combine all of the findings on a particular topic
Term
monism
Definition
the idea that the mind and body are one entity
Term
palpation
Definition
the application of the fingers with light pressure to the surface of the body to determine the consistency of parts beneath in physical diagnosis
Term
prognosis
Definition
the forecast of the course of disease
Term
prospective research 
Definition
research in which the predictor variable is measured in advance of the outcome variable
Term
random assignment 
Definition
a method of sorting participants into experimental vs control group; uses random methods (coin toss, random number table) so that each participant has an equal chance of being chosen for either group
Term
randomized clinical trial
Definition
in the medical field, the term for a "true experiment"
Term
retrospective data collection 
Definition
data collection method in which participants report past events that they recall (although recall can be biased)
Term
state-dependent memory
Definition
the tendency of people to remember most easily the events of the past connected with the emotional state they feel as they report
Term
true experiment 
Definition
a type of study in which participants are assigned randomly to either a treatment or control group; groups are assumed to be equivalent prior to the treatment and therefore the researcher can infer causality
Term
variable 
Definition
a measurable characteristic of people, objects, or events that may change or vary
Term
active listening 
Definition
giving complete attention to the speaker as well as reflecting back to him or her precisely what is understood
Term
active-passive model
Definition
a model of the practitioner-patient relationship that occurs when the patient is unable, because of medical condition, to participate in his or her own care and to make decisions for his or her own welfare
Term
biopsychosocial 
Definition
a model that incorporates aspects of biological, psych
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