Term
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Definition
1.1.1 Becker
tested ability of HBM to explain mother's differential compliance
-asthmatic children
-111 mothers low-income population
-interviews
-compliance checked (in 70% of p's) by covert blood sample testing for theophylline
-positive correlation found between mother's belief of susceptibility and compliance and between belief of severity and compliance
-married = more likely to comply
-better educated = more likely to comply |
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Term
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Definition
1.1.2 Rotter
-research review of 6 pieces of research
-p's who felt they had control over situation were more likely to show behaviours allowing them to cope
-internal locus = take responsibility of health
-locus of control affects all behaviour including health |
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Term
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Definition
1.1.3 Bandura & Adams
-how successful a person thinks they will be at adopting a health behaviour
-10 American snake-phobic p's (9 females & 1 male)
-fear of snakes measured
-desensitisation treatment
-taught relaxation techniques whilst around snakes
-desensitisation enhanced self-efficacy levels |
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Term
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Definition
1.2.1 Cowpe
-report on media campaign
-fire statistics & consumer surveys gathered information
-less effective in overlap areas - desensitised so less impact
-advertising reduced deaths, injuries & damage caused by chip pan fires
-informative nature is effective |
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Term
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Definition
1.2.2 Dannenberg
-1990 law passed in Howard County, Maryland USA
-under 16s had to wear helmet when riding bicycle
-questionnaire sent to children aged 9-15
-3494 children responded
-large increase in children wearing helmets in Howard County compared to 2 neighbouring counties with no law passed
-passing law more effective than education alone |
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Term
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Definition
1.2.3 Janis & Fechbach
-lab experiment
-freshman year at Connecticut high school average age 15
-split into 4 groups
-15 min lecture on:
1. tooth decay strong
2. tooth decay moderate
3. tooth decay minimal
4. human eye control
-questionnaire immediately after lecture
-follow-up questionnaire week later
-level of fear must be right for audience
-fear arousal minimal 36% change in health care
-fear arousal strong 8% change in health care
-less fear more effective |
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Term
| Reasons for Non-Adherence |
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Definition
1.3.1 Bulpitt
-hypertensive patients reported side effects of drugs
-8% of men stopped taking drugs because of sexual problems
-people cannot feel benefits of adherence |
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Term
| Measures of Non-Adherence |
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Definition
1.3.2 Becker
-measured adherence through:
-self-report
-blood test for theophylline |
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Term
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Definition
1.3.3 Watt
-funhaler
-32 Australian children (10 boys, 22 girls)
-diagnosed with asthma
-repeated measures, used normal inhaler for 2 weeks and funhaler for 2 weeks
-questionnaire
-funhaler = spinner and whistle activated when used correctly
-38% more parents medicated child with funhaler
-60% more children took all 4 cycles per delivery when using funhaler |
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Term
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Definition
2.1.1 Johansson
-Swedish saw mill
-24 workers
-14 classified high stress group - 'finishers'
-10 workers classified low stress - control
-urine samples
-self-report on mood and caffeine/nicotine consumption
-baseline readings taken at home
-control group had peak of 1.5 times baseline
-finishers had adrenaline levels twice as high as baseline which increased throughout the day
-levels of absenteeism higher with finishers |
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Term
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Definition
2.1.2 Kanner
-complete Hassles & Uplift and Berkman Life Events Scale
-longitudinal, repeated measures design
-100 people California mostly white
-completed scales and assessed by Hopskins Symptom Checklist and Bradburn Morale Scale
-Hassles are powerful predictor of psychological symptoms of stress |
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Term
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Definition
2.1.3 Geer & Maisel
-60 psychology undergrads New York Uni
-shown pictures of dead car crash victims
-stress levels measured using Galvanic Skin Response (GSR)
-3 groups (1-control & predictability, 2 - no control & predictability and 3 - no control & no predictability)
-group 1 lowest stress response
-group 2 highest stress response |
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Term
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Definition
2.2.1 Geer & Maisel
Galvanic skin response to measure stress
-scientific & reliable
-but can cause stress, unethical and difficult/expensive |
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Term
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Definition
2.2.2 Holmes and Rahe
devised Social Readjustment Scale
-43 life events
-100 p's rated
-the higher the number, the more stressful the event was
-e.g. 'death of spouse', 'change in schools' and 'pregnancy'
-those who scored over 300 LCUs had an 80% chance of becoming ill through stress |
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Term
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Definition
2.2.3 Johansson
Swedish saw mill
-tested stress physiologically (urine samples) and self-report |
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