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Health Differences
Reproductive
106
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
01/09/2012

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)
Definition
 the beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin and lactate dehydrogenase, and considered a marker that indicates the presence of nonseminomatous disease.
Term
Menstruation
Definition
 the monthly discharge of blood through the vagina occurring in non-pregnant women from puberty to menopause
Term
Hypo Active Sexual Desire Disorder
Definition
involves a persistent recurring absence of sexual thoughts or disinterest in sexual activity
Term
Resolution Phase
Definition

the part of the response cycle period of return to the unaroused state, which may last 10 to 15 minutes after orgasm, or longer if there is no orgasm.

 

Term

 Rapid Ejaculation

Definition

 when a man is unable to delay ejaculation long enough to satisfy his partner.

 

Term
Family values
Definition

a system of ideas, attitudes, and beliefs about the worth of an entity or concept that consciously or unconsciously bind together the members of the family in a common culture.

 

Term
Family roles
Definition
 homogeneous sets of behaviors that are normatively defined and expected of an occupant of a given social position
Term
Family power
Definition

the potential or actual ability to change the behavior of other family members

           

Term
Nuclear family
Definition

consists of husband provider, a wife who stays home and children.

 

Term
Extended families
Definition
consists of couple who shares household responsibilities, chores, and expenses with parents, siblings, or other relatives
Term
Deficient knowledge
Definition

 related to the lack of information about timing of ovulation.

 

Term
Dysmenorrheal
Definition
painful menstruation, occurs at, or a day before, the onset of menstruation and disappears by the end of menses.
Term
Premenstrual syndrome
Definition

refers to a symptom complex associated with the luteal phase of a menstrual cycle (2 weeks before onset of menses).

 

Term
perimenopause
Definition
 refers to the period of time before menopause during which the woman moves from normal ovulatory cycles to cessation of menses
Term
Menopause
Definition
defined as the absence of menstruation for 1 full year, is a time of transition for woman, marking the end of her reproductive abilities
Term
Climacteric
Definition

 change of life, refers to the host of psychologic and physical alterations that occur around the time of menopause

 

Term
Hormone replacement therapy
Definition
the administration of specific hormones to alleviate symptoms associated with the changes of menopause
Term
Spontaneous premature menopause
Definition

a devastating event and is not well understood, although family history is a major influencing factor.

 

Term
Abstinences
Definition

a method of contraception and, partly changing values and the increased risk of infection with intercourse.

 

Term
Coitus interruptus
Definition

 withdrawal, is one of the oldest and least reliable methods of contraception. This method requires that the male withdraw from the female’s vagina when he feels that ejaculation is impending

 

Term
Spermicide
Definition

 inserted into the vagina before intercourse and destroys sperm by disrupting the cell membrane.

 

Term
Diaphragm
Definition

a barrier method that consists of a steel band that forms a ring and is covered with rubber so that when the diaphragm is inserted, the ring lodges high in the vagina with the rubber covering the cervix.

 

Term
Vasectomy
Definition

male sterilization which is achieved through a relatively minor surgical procedure severing the vas deferens in both sides of the scrotum.

 

Term
Tubal ligation
Definition
voluntary female sterilization which is a surgical procedure
Term
oocytes
Definition
primitive eggs  developed by the process of oogenesis
Term
Spermatozoa
Definition
sperm, male gametes which are produced by a process called spermatogenesis.
Term
Mons pubis
Definition
softly rounded mound of subcutaneous fatty tissue at the lowest portion of the anterior abdominal wall.
Term
labia majora
Definition
longitudinal, raised folds of pigmented skin, one on either side of the vulvular cleft.
Term
labia minora
Definition
 soft folds of skin within the labia majora that converge near the anus, forming the fourchette.
Term
Subfertility
Definition
having difficulty conceiving because both partners have reduced fertility
Term
basal body temperature
Definition
identification of follicular and luteal phase abnormalities by testing ovulatory function
Term
birth plan
Definition
helps identify aspects of the childbearing experience that are important to them
Term
prenatal education
Definition
programs which provide important opportunities to share information about pregnancy, childbirth,  coping mechanisms, and choices available to women and her support person
Term
disassociation relaxation
Definition

used in Lamaze and Bradley methods where the woman is taught to become familiar with sensation of contracting and relaxing the voluntary muscle groups throughout her body.

 

Term
dietary reference intakes
Definition
specific allowances for pregnant and lactating women
Term
Calorie
Definition
the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree centigrade
Term
Kilocalorie
Definition
equivalent to 1000 cal and is the unit used to express the energy value of food.
Term
Carbohydrates
Definition

provide the body’s primary source of energy as well s fiber necessary for proper bowel functioning.

 

Term
Iodine
Definition
essential part of the thyroid hormone thyroxine
Term
lactose intolerance
Definition
inadequate amount of enzyme lactase, which breaks down the milk sugar lactose into smaller digestible substances
Term
Pica
Definition

persistent craving and eating of substances such as ice, freezer frost and other nonnutritive substances.

 

Term
pelvic inflammatory disease
Definition
general term that refers to acute, subacute, recurrent or chronic infection of the reproductive organs, pelvic peritoneum, veins or connective tissue
Term
Infertility
Definition

the inability to achieve a pregnancy within a stipulated period of time, usually a year.

 

Term
Ovulation
Definition

graafian follicle ruptures allowing the ovum to enter the fallopian tube and be carried in the direction of the uterus.

 

Term
Alpha
Definition

fetaprotein-the beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin and lactate dehydrogease, and considered a marker that indcates the presence of nonseminomatous disease.

 

 

Term
vaginal vestibule
Definition
a boat shaped depression enclosed by the labia majora and visible when they are separated. The vestibule contains the vaginal openingm or introitus, which is the border between the external and internal genitals
Term
perineal body
Definition
wedge shaped mass of fibromuscular tissues about 4x4x4 cm, found between the lower part of the vagina and the anus
Term
Vagina
Definition
musclar and membranous tube that connects the external genitals with the uterus. It extends from the vulva to the uterus in a position nearly parallel to the plan of the pelvic brim.
Term
clitoris
Definition

located between the labia minora, tissue which is essentially erectile.

 

Term
Uterus
Definition

a hollow, muscular, thick walled organ shape like an upside down pear.

 

Term
Hysterosalpingography
Definition
or histogram involves and instillation of a radiopaque substance into the uterine cavity.
Term
In vitro fertilization
Definition
selectively used in cases in which infertility has resulted from tubal factors, mucus abnormalities, male infertility, unexplained infertility, male and immunologic infertility, and cervical factors. Women’s eggs are collected from her ovaries, fertilized, and placed I her uterus after normal embryo development has begun.
Term
Mucous plug
Definition
thick, tenacious mucus which accumulates to form a plug and seal the endocervical canal and prevents the ascent of bacteria and other substances into the uterus
Term
Goodell’s sign
Definition

increased vascularization that causes the softening of the cervix and blue-purple discoloration of the cervix (Chadwick’s sign).

 

Term
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Definition
results from the compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel of the wrist.
Term
Fetal alcohol syndrome
Definition
 women who are heavy drinkers, which is characterized by growth restriction, behavioral disturbances, craniofacial abnormalities, and brain, cardiac, and spinal defects.

Term
Early adolescent
Definition
age 14 and under, psychosocial development marked by rapid physical changes that engender self centeredness and initiate a struggle for independence
Term
Vitamin K
Definition

essential factor for the synthesis of prothrombin, and its function is related to normal blood clotting.

 

Term
Vitamin C
Definition
aid in the formation and development of connective tissue and the vascular system
Term
Crack
Definition
a form of freebase cocaine that is made up of baking soda, water, and cocaine mixed into a paste and microwaved to form a rock
Term
Methadone
Definition
most common used drug in the treatment of women who are dependent on opioids such as heroin.
Term
Thalassemia
Definition

group of autosomal recessive disorders characterized by a defect in the synthesis of the alpha or beta chains in the hemoglobin molecule.

 

Term
Rheumatic fever
Definition
develops from untreated streptococcal infections, ad is an inflammation of the connective tissue disease that can involve the heart, joints, CNS, skin and subcutaneous tissue.
Term
Marfan syndrome
Definition
an autosomal dominant disorder of the connective tissue in which there may be serious cardiovascular involvement.
Term
Eisenmenger syndrome
Definition
not a single congenital defect, but a complication that can result of other cardiac lesions causing left to right shunting
Term
Corpus
Definition
the upper triangular portion of the uterus, the uterine body
Term
Fundus
Definition
the rounded uppermost portion of the corpus that extends above the points of attachment of the fallopian tubes
Term
Cornua
Definition
elongated portion of the uterus where the fallopian tubes enter
Term
Nidation
Definition
a process of the uterine lining cyclically prepared by steroid hormones for implantation of the emrbryo.
Term
Perimetrium
Definition
the outermost layer of the uterine corpus, the serosal layer
Term
Vena cava syndrome
Definition
the enlarging uterus may put pressure on the vena cava when the woman is supine, resulting in supine hypotensive syndrome
Term
Linea nigra
Definition
increased pigmentation which may cause the midline of the abdomen to the pubic area to darken.
Term
Relaxin
Definition
inhibits the uterine activity, diminishes the strength of uterine contractions, aids  in the softening of the uterus, and has long term effect of remodeling collagen
Term
Amenorrhea
Definition
earliest symptom of pregnancy, missing one or more menstrual periods leads to the consideration of pregnancy
Term
Flatulence
Definition
decreased gastrointestinal motility, leading to delayed emptying, and pressure upon the large intestine.
Term
Emancipated minor
Definition

he or she is self supporting and living away from home, married, pregnant, or in the military.

 

Term
Vitamin D
Definition
has a role in the absorption and utilization of calcium and phosphorus in the skeletal system.
Term
Vitamin A
Definition
involved in the growth of epithelial cells, which line the entire gastric tract and compose the skin.
Term
Vitamin E
Definition
takes on oxygen, this preventing other nutrients from undergoing chemical changes.
Term
mitral valve prolapse
Definition
-usually an asymptomatic condition the leaflets tend to prolapse into te left atrium during ventricular systole because the chordae tendineae that support them are long and thin, resulting in mitral regurgitation.
Term
Threatened abortion
Definition
unexplained bleeding, cramping, or backache which indicates that the fetus may be in jeopardy.
Term
Imminent
Definition

abortion-bleeding and cramping increased and the internal cervical os dilates.

 

Term
Complete abortion
Definition
all the products of conception are expelled, and the uterus is contracted and the cervical os may be closed.
Term
Missed
Definition
abortion-the fetus dies in utero but is not expelled. Uterine growth ceases, breast changes, regress and the woman may report a brownish vaginal discharge
Term
Septic abortion
Definition
presence of infection, and may occur with prolonged unrecognized rupture of the membranes, pregnancy with IUD in utero, or attempts by inadequately prepared individuals to terminate a pregnancy.
Term
Molding
Definition
overlapping of the cranial bones of the fetus to he pressure of the powers of labor as it passes through the unyielding pelvis
Term
Sutures
Definition

the membranous joints of the fetal skull which are unite the cranial bones.

 

Term
Frontal suture
Definition
located between the two frontal bones, and becomes the anterior continuation of the sagittal suture.
Term
Sagittal suture
Definition

located between the parietal bones, divides the skull into left and right halves, runs anteroposteriorly, connecting the two fontanelles.

 

Term
Coronal suture
Definition
located between the frontal and parietal bones; extends transversely left and right from the anterior fontanelle.
Term
Engagement
Definition
presenting part occurs when the largest diameter of the presenting part reaches or passes through the pelvic inlet
Term
Station
Definition
refers to the relationship of the presenting part to an imaginary line drawn between the ischial spines of the maternal pelvis
Term
Frequency
Definition
the time between beginning of one contraction and the beginning of the next contraction
Term
Intensity
Definition

the strength of the uterine contraction during acme.

 

Term
Bloody show
Definition
the release of the mucous plug expelled which results in pink tinged secretions
Term
Baseline rate
Definition

the mean FHR during a 10 minute period.

 

Term
Fetal tachycardia
Definition

a FHR BL greater than 160 bpm for at least a 10 minute period.

 

Term
Fetal bradycardia
Definition
a FHR BL less than 110 bpm for at least a 10 minute period
Term
Decelerations
Definition
decreases of the FHR below the BL
Term
Hyperventilation
Definition
breathes very rapidly over a prolonged period of time. A result of an imbalance of oxygen and carbon dioxide is exhaled, and too much oxygen remains in the body.
Term
Regional anesthesia
Definition

temporary and reversible loss of sensation produced by injecting an anesthetic agent into an area that will bring the agent into direct contact with nervous tissue.

 

Term
Epidural block
Definition
injection of a local anesthetic into the epidural space
Term
Spinal block
Definition
a local anesthetic agent injected directly into the spinal fluid in he subarachnoid space to provide anesthesia for cesarean birth
Term
Pudenal block
Definition

provides perineal anesthesia for the second stage of labor, birth, and episiotomy repair.

 

Term
Abruptio placenta
Definition
the premature separation of a normally implanted placenta from the uterine wall.
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