Term
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Definition
"whatever the experiencing person says it is, existing whenever s/he says it does"
-defense mechanism
-subjective
-immeasurable
-fifth vital sign |
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Term
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Definition
arises from skin, bone, and muscle
-conducted by sensory nerves |
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Term
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Definition
originates in organs
-travels by sympathetic fibers |
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Term
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Definition
-peripheral nerves
-spinal cord
-brain |
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Term
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Definition
detect actual or potential tissue damage
(pain is a nociceptor)
stimulated by:
temperature
mechanical
chemical |
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Term
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Definition
| neurotransmitter for pain |
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Term
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Definition
to skin, muscle, internal organs
nerves enter at dorsal horn, release neurotransmitters, activate other nerve cells, transfer info to brain |
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Term
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Definition
pain messages arrive and the thalamus
send to -somatosensory nerves
-limbic system
-frontal cortex |
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Term
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Definition
| physical sensations are felt |
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Term
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Definition
| combination of thinking and emotion |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1. transduction
2. transmission
3. perception
4. modulation |
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Term
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Definition
begins with nociceptor stimulation-->
chemical release-->
mediators |
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Term
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Definition
sensory (afferent) fibers
A delta-fast acute pain
C move much slower--chronic pain |
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Term
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Definition
location and characteristics of pain perceived
two stages: initial and secondary |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| dull, throbbing, aching, slow pain |
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Term
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Definition
pain inhibition
-initiated spontaneously by person (by rubbing or shaking)
-descend from brain
-gate-control theory |
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Term
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Definition
gates open-allows impulse to ascend
gates close-reduces or modifies impulse, endorphines secreted by CNS, blocks substance P |
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Term
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Definition
tissue injury
-stress response
-HR
-RR
-BP
-pallor
-sweating
-nausea |
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Term
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Definition
-decrease in plasma serotonin
-brain becomes more sensitive
-vasodilation
-cytokines
-trigeminal nerve signals
chronic with actute qualities |
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Term
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Definition
-lasts more than 6 months
-symptoms less obvious
-psyhcological effects
-depression common
-pain clinic |
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Term
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Definition
chronic syndrome
women 9:1
ages 20-50
collection of symptoms, controversial
major FATIGUE
hyperalgesia (low pain threshold), allodynia (mild stimuli causing pain)
sleep disturbances
depression
IBS |
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Term
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Definition
infiltration of orgains (visceral)
-compression of structures
-treatments with damage tissue
-SNS activation and behavioral changes
-multifaceted approach
-quality of life |
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Term
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Definition
feels like pins and needles
-abnormalities of nervous system
-allodynia common
-altered nociceptive input
-trigeminal neuralgia
-diabetic neuropathy
-postherepetic neuralgia |
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Term
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Definition
-pain from loss of blood flow
-tissue hypoxia and injury
-release of inflammatory and pain-producing chemicals
-acute vs. chronic |
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Term
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Definition
| perceived in area other than the site of injury |
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Term
| nursing's responsibility with pain |
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Definition
assessment is crucial
-BELIEVE THE PATIENT
-patient history
-physical exam
-diagnostics |
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Term
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Definition
-numeric rating scale
-visual analog scale
-verbal descriptive scale
-wong-baker faces scale |
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Term
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Definition
-assess 30 min. after parenteral
-assess 1 hr after oral
-report of any new pain
-each v/s evaluation |
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Term
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Definition
-trauma to body tissues (surgery)
-alterations in body tissues (edema)
-blockage of a body duct
-tumor
-muscle spasm |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-tissue ischemia (blocked coronary artery)
-muscle spasm |
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