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Hardware & Computer Terms
Basic Computer Terms
28
Computer Science
7th Grade
03/24/2009

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Term
Hardware
Definition
The physical parts of the computer that you can see and touch. Examples: keyboard, mouse, monitor, CPU, Printer, Scanner
Term
Software
Definition
The set of instructions that tell the computer what to do. Examples: word processor, graphics programs, games, Internet browser
Term
RAM
Definition
Random Access Memory; the temporary memory of a computer.
Term
ROM
Definition
Read Only Memory-the computer can only read what it contains in this memory and cannot change; this is permanent memory.
Term
Chip
Definition
A very small silicon wafer containing an integrated circuit.
Term
Monitor
Definition
A display screen designed as an output device.
Term
Keyboard
Definition
An input device resembling a typewriter
Term
CPU
Definition
Central Processing Unit, the main component ("the brain") of the computer; the chip that performs all of the information processing.
Term
CD-ROM
Definition
Compact Disc-Read Only Memory; an optical disc that can only be read by a laser
Term
Mouse
Definition
A hand held input device, moved around on a surface to cause the cursor to move
Term
Disk Drive
Definition
The device that reads from and writes to a floppy disk or hard drive
Term
Floppy Disk
Definition
An older but common storage device; this disk is stored inside a hard plastic shell.
Term
Modem
Definition
Stands for Modulator-DEModulator; a device that permits a computer to transmit and receive over a telephone line or cable.
Term
CD-ROM Drive
Definition
The device that reads from a CD-ROM disk, using a laser beam.
Term
Printer
Definition
A mechanical output device that can print text and graphics
Term
Scanner
Definition
A device that essentially converts text and graphic material into bit-mapped data that is input into the computer
Term
LAN
Definition
Local Area Network; a number of computers connected together by cables or telephone lines
Term
Digital Camera
Definition
Takes pictures without film and stores them as files which can later be loaded into the computer
Term
Bit, in computer terminology
Definition
Binary Digit i.e. 1 & 0
Term
Byte
Definition
8 bits--used to measure the amount of information a computer can store
Term
Megabyte or 1 meg
Definition
1 million bytes
Term
Gigabyte or 1 gig
Definition
1 billion bytes
Term
WAN
Definition
Wide Area Network; i.e. the www (World Wide Web)
Term
Browser
Definition
Software used to view web pages
Term
CPU
Definition
Computer chip that's like the brains of the computer
Term
URL
Definition
Universal Resource Locator - the internet address that you see in the address bar when on the Net
Term
PC
Definition
A PC is a computer designed to meet the needs of a single person and usually refers to IBM-compatible computers. PCs are found in many businesses and are popular for home use.
Term
MAC or Macintosh (aka Apple Computers)
Definition
Macintosh computers are found in many homes and are very popular in the graphics, publishing and multimedia industries. The Macintosh was the first home computer that offered a graphical display.
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