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Growth & Development Ch 5
G & D Ch 5 Theories
59
Nursing
Not Applicable
09/08/2010

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Term
System of beliefs 'framework'
Definition
Theory
Term
increase in physical size quantitaive can be measured in inches & pounds
Definition
growth
Term
refers to progressive increase in skills and ability to function
Definition
Development
Term
What are the two directional principles
Definition
cephalocaudal
aproximodistal
Term
cephalocaudal
Definition
head to toe ex baby holding up their head before they can walk
Term
aproximodistal
Definition
Starts from the inside out ex rolling trunk matures before the extremities
Term
Behavior patterns that distinguish one person from another the individual style
Definition
personality
Term
Prenatal stage of development
Definition
conception to delivery
Term
infant stage of development
Definition
birth to 1 year
Term
toddler stage of develpoment
Definition
1 yr to 3 yrs
Term
Preschooler stage of development
Definition
3-6 yrs
Term
School age stage of development
Definition
6 yrs-12 yrs
Term
Adolescence stage of development
Definition
12 yrs-19 yrs
Term
Adulthood stage of development
3 categories
Definition
young adult 20-40 middle 40-65 older 65 & up
Term
$Why should we study developmental theories
Definition
basic knowledge of personality development
to understand appropriate & unappropriate behavior
Term
This theorisist focused on infancy & childhood sexual desires
personality development structural concept
Definition
Freudian theory
Term
driving force aim to gratify impulses; ex newborn crys they dont care that it is 2 am all they car about is their own needs 'pleasure principle'
Definition
id
Term
part that takes control of the id; they learn there are consequences to their behavior starts around 1. 'reality principle' 'I'
Definition
Ego
Term
your concious ;a portion of your ego developes into the ________
Definition
superego
Term
you need to have a balance of all of these 3 things according to Freud
Definition
id, ego, superego
Term
techniques that help individual s cope with the threat of anxiety most are subconcious
Definition
defence mechanisms
Term
this is the one mechanism the operates at a concious level
Definition
supression
Term
this is the most commonly use defence mechanism; used by all ages; use to justify or excuse undesirable actions or feelings
Definition
rationalization
Term
the oral stage is from ____-____,birth to weaning
Definition
12-18 mo
Term
if trauma happens in this stage clients may suffer smoking alcoholism, obesity, nail biting, drug addiction, gum chewing, dependency, insecurity
Definition
oral stage
Term
what stage deals with toilet training; learning muscle control, especially that involve urination & defecation
Definition
anal stage
Term
what is the age range for the anal stage
Definition
18 mo-3 yrs
Term
if someone has an anal fixation what may result,orderliness, constipation, obsession, compulsion, fastidious, possessiveness, obstinancy, perfection drive defence centers on holding in & letting go
Definition
miserliness
Term
What is the phallic stage focused on
Definition
genital manipulation learning sexual identity, & developing awareness of genital area
Term
what are the possible results to someone who is in the phallic stage
Definition
,difficulty with sexual identity, transsexual, homosexual, difficulty w authority, Boys overly attached to mother, fears father may castrate them, girls overly attached to their fathers wishes to be a man has penis envy
Term
$sex drives are repressed homosexual stage quiet stage sexual drives are dormant
Definition
latency stage 6-12 yrs
Term
genital stage is from___-____,
Definition
12 to early adult
Term
$this stage they strive to have satisfactory relationships with the opposite sex
Definition
genital
Term
aspect of personality expressing the pleasure seeking component
Definition
sexuality
Term
retaining an inappropriate tie to the past
Definition
fixation
Term
According to Freud, what part of the mind acts as one's concious
Definition
Superego
Term
The purpose of defense mechanisms is to
Definition
reduce anxiety
Term
Which of the following does Erickson describe as the psychosocial development task upon which other psychosocial development is built
Definition
Learning to trust
Term
Nancy, aged 3, is being seen in the managed care clinic. As part of the yearly health screen, the nurse assesses her pattern of growth and development. Development is assessed based on
Definition
what skill she has acquired
Term
According to Freud, the driving force behind all human behavior is the
Definition
Id
Term
The egocentric child:
Definition
is focused on him/herself
Term
Nurse Clark is assisting with assessment at the pediatric clinic. Her correct recall of growth & development is that they are:
Definition
an interdependant process
Term
B.F. Skinner
Definition
behavior modification
Term
Erickson
Definition
Eight Stages of Man
Term
Maslow
Definition
Human Needs Theory
Term
Kohlberg
Definition
Theory of Moral Development
Term
Pavlov
Definition
Classical Conditioning
Term
Freud
Definition
Psychosexual Development
Term
Havinghurst
Definition
Psychosocial View/Developemental Tasks
Term
Piaget
Definition
Cognitive Theory
Term
Intimacy vs isolation
Definition
Young Adult
Term
Industry vs Inferiority
Definition
school age
Term
Generativity vs stagnation
Definition
Middle adult
Term
Ego Intergrity vs Despair
Definition
Older adult
Term
Trust vs Mistrust
Definition
Infant
Term
Autonomy vs shame & doubt
Definition
toddler
Term
initiative vs guilt
Definition
preschooler
Term
Identity vs role confusion
Definition
adolescent
Term
Maslows Hiarchy of Needs
Definition
self actualization
self esteem
love & belonging
safety/security
physiological needs
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