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Gross anatomy of the spinal cord Brittny Butler
study q's 6
32
Psychology
Undergraduate 3
09/20/2010

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Be able to label: Dorsal horn, ventral horn, dorsal root, ventral root, central canal, dorsal root ganglion
Definition
Term
What is the Bell-Magendie Law?
Definition

The entering dorsal roots carry sensory information into the brain & exiting ventral roots carry motor information to the muscles and glands

 

 Dorsal=sensory

Ventral=motor

Term
How does the Bell-magendie law incorporate the dorsal and ventral horns and roots?
Definition
Term
The spinal nerve has a sensory and a motor component
Definition
KNOW THIS!
Term
Know what the sensory and motor axons look like
Definition

Sensory=soma in middle, 2 axons (single process)

 

Motor=soma on end, 1 axon

Term
What are dermatomes?
Definition

Segment of skin/muscle/bone associated with a spinal nerve

 

Each nerve innervates (defines) a dermatome

 

 

Term
What disease is associated with dermatomes?
Definition
Shingles
Term
What is a reflex? (generally speaking)
Definition
Involuntary, stereotyped response to a sensory input, modifiable
Term
Describe the stretch reflex
Definition
  • Mono-synaptic
  • Muscle contraction in response to stretch
  • Reciprocal inhibition

 

Term
How is the stretch reflex different from the flexor reflex?
Definition
The flexor reflex uses an interneuron in the spinal cord, so it is polysynaptic
Term
How are reflexes modifiable?
Definition
Term
Does the spinal cord look the same in all critters?
Definition
No
Term
Is the spinal cord surrounded by meninges?
Definition
Yes
Term
What are the "3 long tracts"?
Definition
Term
Does the spinal cord look the same at every level?
Definition
No
Term
What structures compromise the PNS?
Definition
Spinal nerves and cranial nerves
Term
What structures compromise the CNS?
Definition
Brain and spinal cord
Term
How is the PNS subdivided?
Definition

 1. Somatic nervous system

    2. Autonomic nervous system

 

Term
What are the distinct roles of the somatic system?
Definition

Nerves going from sense organs to CNS & from CNS to muscles & glands

 

(motor and sensory)

Term
What are the distinct roles of the enteric system?
Definition
Controls gastrointestinal system
Term
What are the distinct roles of the sympathetic system?
Definition

For vigarous activity (Fight or flight)

 

Sympathetic ganglia are closely linked and act "in sympathy" with each other

Term
What are the distinct roles of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Definition

Vagatative, nonemergency response

 

Para-"beside", or "related to"

opposite action of sympathetic nervous system

 

AKA: Craniosacral- because consists of cranial nerves and nerves of sacral spinal cord

Term
When is the sympathetic nervous system activated?
Definition

Emergency response situations

(fight or flight)

Term
When is the parasympathetic nervous system activated?
Definition
Non-emergency response situations
Term
Where is the placement of the ganglia and preganglionic neurons in the sympathetic nervous system?
Definition
Term
Where is the placement of the ganglia and preganglionis neurons in the parasympathetic nervous system?
Definition
Term
What are the length of the fibers in the sympathetic nervous system?
Definition
Short pre, long post
Term
What are the length of the fibers in the parasympathetic nervous system?
Definition
long pre, short post
Term
What neurotransmitters are used in the sympathetic nervous system?
Definition
Term
What neurotransmitters are used in the parasympathetic nervous system?
Definition
Term
What are the physiological effects of the sympathetic nervous system?
Definition
  • Dialites pupil
  • Inhibits salvation
  • Relaxes airways
  • Accelerates heartbeat
  • Stimulate secretion of sweat glands
  • Inhibits digestion
  • Constricts blood vessles in skin
  • Stimulates secretion of epinepherine and norepinepherine
  • Relaxes bladder
  • Stimulates ejaculation
Term
What are the physiological effects of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Definition
  • Stimulates salvation
  • Constricts airways
  • Slows heartbeat
  • Stimulates glucose production and release
  • Stimulates digestion
  • Stimulates gallbladder to release bile
  • Dialites blood vessles in intestines
  • Dialites blood vessles in skin
  • Contracts bladder
  • Stimulates penile erection and clitoral engorgement
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