II

-itis

inflammation of, inflammatory disease of

II

-osis

diseased condition of, act of, process of

II

-oma

tumor of, swelling containing

II

ARTHR-

joint, speech sound or articulation

• arthritis: inflammation of a joint
• anarthria: the lack of ability to articulate words because of brain damage
  

II

CARDI-

heart

• electrocardiogram (EKG): a record of the heart's action
• cardiologist: a heart specialist

II

CHONDR-

cartilage

• chondrocyte: a cartilage cell
• synchondrosis: a joint where connection is made by a plate of cartilage

II

CYAN-

dark blue

• cyanophil: having an affinity for blue dye
• cyanide: a derivative of cyanogen, which is involved in the process of making dark-blue dye

II

CYT-

cell

• cytology: the branch of biology dealing with the nature of cells
• anisocytosis: inequality in the size of red blood cells

II

ENTER-

intestine

• dysentery: an infectious disease of the intestines
• exenterate: to surgically remove the bowels from

II

HEPAT-

liver

• hepatomegaly: enlargement of the liver
• hepatica: a small plant with leaves which resemble the lobes of the liver

II

MELAN-

black, dark

• melanin: the dark pigment found in skin, hair, etc.
• melancholy: lit. presence of black bile (in humoral theory, predominance of black bile was thought to cause sadness)e

II

MYC(ET)-

fungus, mold

• mycology: the branch of botany concerned with the study of fungi
• mycotrophic: referring to plants which live in a symbiotic relationship with fungi

II

NEPHR-

kidney

• nephritis: inflammation of the kidneys
• nephrolith: a kidney stone

II

OST(E)-

bone

• acrostealgia: pain in the bones of an extremity
• osteotome: surgical instrument for cutting bone

II

SCLER-

hard

• multiple sclerosis: disease in which there is a gradual hardening of tissue in the brain and spinal cord
• sclerometer: instrument for determining the hardness of materials

II

-ectomy

surgical removal of

II

-tomy

surgical operation on, surgical cutting of

II

-rrhea (-rrhoea)

abnormal discharge

II

ADEN-

gland

• adenoid: (1) like a gland, (2) a growth of lymphoid tissue in the throat
  
• lymphadenitis: inflammation of a lymph gland
  

II

ANGI-

vessel

• sporangium: a spore case
  
• angiitis: inflammation of a blood or lymph vessel

II

CEPHAL-

head

• cephalopod: one of a class of molluscs to which belong squid, octopuses, etc., having tentacles around the front of the head
  
• electroencephalograph (EEG): instrument for measuring brain waves
  

II

CHOL(E)-

bile, gall

• cholelith: a gallstone
• choleric: prone to anger (humoral theory: predominance of yellow bile makes a person wrathful)

II

HYSTER-

uterus, hysteria

• hysterotomy: surgical incision into the uterus
  
• hysteroepilepsy: hysteria associated with symptoms of epilepsy

II

LIP-

fat

• lipase: enzyme which breaks down fats during the digestive process
  
• lipuria: presence of fat in urine
  

II

MAST-, MAZ-

breast

• mastectomy: surgical removal of a breast
  
• mastodon: prehistoric mammal named from the nipple-like projections on its teeth
  

II

OO-

egg

• ootheca: an egg case
  
• oophoritis: inflammation of an ovary

II

OT-

ear

• otoscope: instrument for examining the ear
  
• dichotic: affecting the two ears differently, so that a single sound will be heard simultaneously in one way by one ear and in another way by the other ear
  

II

PHLEB-

vein

• phlebectomy: surgical removal of a vein
  
• phlebosclerosis: hardening of the walls of a vein
  

II

PY-

pus

• arthroempyesis: formation of pus in a joint
• pyogenesis: the formation of pus

II

UR-

urine

• melanuria: presence of black pigment in the urine
• dysuria: difficulty in urination

IV

a-(an-)

not, without

IV

amphi-

both, on both sides of, around

IV

ana-(an-)

up, back, again

IV

anti-(ant-)

against, opposite

IV

apo-(ap-)

from, off

IV

cata-(cat-)

down, against, very

IV

dia-(di-)

through, across, between

IV

ALG-

pain

• neuralgia
• nostalgia

IV

BI-

life

• biology
• biography

IV

CHRON-

time

• chronic
• chronicles

IV

D(A)EMON-

spirit, evil spirit

• demon

IV

GE-

earth

• geography
• geology

IV

LOG-

speech, word, proportion, reasoning

• apology
• prologue, epilogue

IV

LY-

to loosen

• analysis
• paralysis

IV

MNE-

to remember

• amnesia

IV

PAN(T)-

all, every

• panorama
• pantomime

IV

POD-

foot

• podium
• tripod

IV

THE-

god

• theology
• monotheism

IV

TROPH-

to nourish, grow

• atrophy

IV

exo-, ecto-

outside, external

IV

eu-(ev-)

good, well

IV

epi-(ep-)

upon, to, in addition to

IV

endo-, ento-(end-, ent-)

within

IV

en-(em-, el-)

in, into

IV

ec-(ex-)

out, out of

IV

dys-

bad, disordered, difficult

IV

BIBLI-

book

IV

CANON-

rule

IV

CRYPT-, CRYPH-

hidden, secret

IV

CYCL-

circle, wheel

IV

GLOSS, GLOT(T)-

tongue, language

IV

ICON-

image

IV

MIM-

to imitate

IV

OD-

song, poem

IV

PYR-

fire

IV

TOM-

to cut

IV

hyper-

over, excessive

IV

AGON-

struggle, contest

• agony
• protagonist

IV

ANGEL-

messenger, message

• angelic

IV

CENTR-

center

• concentric

IV

DEM-

people

• democracy
• demagogue

IV

GAM-

marriage

• bigamy
• polygamy

IV

HEM(AT)-, HAEM(AT)-

blood

• hemorrhage
• leukemia

IV

HEMER-

day

• ephemeral
• Decameron

IV

OD-, HOD-

way, road

• odometer
• electrode

IV

STOL-, STAL-, STLE-

to send, draw

• peristalsis
• epistle

IV

TAPH-

tomb

• cenotaph
• epitaph

IV

THANAT-, THANAS-

death

• thanatopsis

IV

hypo-(hyp-)

below, less than normal

IV

meta-(met-)

after, changed

IV

para-(par-)

beside, disordered

IV

peri-

around, near

IV

before, in front of

IV

pros-

toward, in addition to

IV

syn-(sym-, syl-, sy-, sys-)

with, together

IV

BALL-, BOL-, BLE-

to throw, put

• symbol, emblem
• problem

IV

DERM(AT)-

skin

• dermatologist
• pachyderm

IV

DOX-, DOG-

opinion, teaching

• dogma
• orthodox

IV

GNO(S)-

to know

• gnomic
• diagnosis

IV

HOM(E)-

same, similar, regular

• homosexual
• homeopathy

IV

MORPH-

form, shape

• morphology
• metamorphosis

IV

ONYM-

name, word

• anonymous
• synonym

IV

PHER-, PHOR-

to bear, go

• periphery
• phosphorescent

IV

TACT-, TAX-

to arrange, put in order

• tactics
• taxonomy

IV

AESTHE-, ESTHE-

to feel, perceive

• aesthetic
• anesthetic

IV

ANTHROP-

human being

• anthropology
• philanthropy

IV

ARCHA(E)-, ARCHE-

ancient, primitive, beginning

• archaeology
• Archeozoic

IV

AST(E)R-

star

• astronomy
• disaster

IV

GEN(E)-, GON-

to produce, originate

• hydrogen
• genesis, gene

IV

GER(ONT)-

old age, old people

• geriatric
• gerontocracy

IV

HOL-

to digest

• holocaust

IV

IATR-

physician, medicine

• psychiatric
• pediatric

IV

PEP(T)-

to digest

• peptic
• pepsin

IV

TECHN-

art, skill, craft

• technical
• polytechnic

IV

-ic(-ac), -tic

pertaining to, like

IV

-ics, -tics

art, science, or study of

IV

-oid

like, having the shape of