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runoff flows over the earth's surface,
carries away soil paricles , and ends up into streams, lakes or ocean-it does not soak into the ground or evaporate |
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| the undending circulation of water that moves among the oceans, atmosphere, solid earth and biosphere |
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| the movement of surface water into rock or soil through cracks and pore spaces |
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| water that has been absorbed by roots of plants and is realeased through the leaves into the atmosphere |
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land area from which a stream gets its water
- largest in U.S. is the Mississippi River |
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| -fast moving water- Vshaped valleys- many rapids and waterfalls-erode surrounding areas quickly{erodes stream bottom more than its sides]- example: Colorado River and Niagra River |
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| -slow moving water- erosion makes the rapids and waterfalls disappear- valley floor is eroded {now broad and flat]- Ushaped - valley walls are far from the river- has meanders- examples: Missouri River and Ohio River |
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bends in a stream caused by a flat-bottomed valley that is near its base level-
river that becomes wider and winds back and forth in loops |
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| the wide, flat area of land along a river and often covered with water when the stream floods. |
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| triangular-shaped deposit of sediment located at the mouth of a river that flows into a lake or ocean. |
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is the water found in the zone of saturation
water that soaks into the ground and collects in spaces in rocks called pores |
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| the percentage of rock and sediment that has pore spaces |
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the ability to release a fluid
soil and rock that allows water to pass through them |
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| water cannot pass through a material because the pores are too small, not connected or no pores at all |
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| layer of permeable rock that transmits water freely |
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| upper layer of saturated rock |
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| water flows up to the surface due to natural pressure - no pump is used to get the water. |
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a natural flow of ground water that reaches the earth's surface
forms whenever the water table intersects the ground surface |
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| a spring of heated groundwater, caused when the water is warmed by rocks that come into contact with molten magma under the earth's surface |
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| heated groundwater that erupts periodically onto the earth's surface - water is heated to high temperatures, expands and is forced out under pressure like steam out of a tea kettle. |
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| a large underground natural opening formed when the weathering of limestone leaves cracks and water leaks in |
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| a depression that forms when the roof of a cave collapses |
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| the slope or steepness of a stream channel |
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| is the course the water in a stream follows |
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| a stream that empties into another stream |
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| the lowest point to which a stream can erode its channel |
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| solid material that is made up of sediment to large to be carried in suspension |
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| the maximum load a stream can carry |
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| sorted material (loose gravel, sand, silt or clay) deposited by a stream |
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| a landform that parallels some streams |
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| occurs when the discharge of a stream become so great that it exceeds the carrying capacity of its channel and overflows it bank |
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| imaginary line that separates the drainage basin of one stream from another |
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| area where water fills all of the open spaces in sediment and rock |
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| a hole dug below the water table that fills with water |
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| a form of limestone that is deposited in a cave |
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| landscapes that hve been shaped by the dissolving groundwate |
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| a depression made in an area where groundwaer has removed soluble rock |
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