Term
| What is PRIMARY hypothyroidism? |
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Definition
| destruction of the thyroid gland, such as Hashimotos |
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Term
| What is SECONDARY hypothyroidism? |
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Definition
| Hypopituitarism and hypothyroidism = (no TSH to stimulate) |
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Term
| What is TERTIARY hypothyroidism |
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Definition
| Hypothalamic Dz = Sarcoidosis destroying TRH: TERTIARY (no TRH) |
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Term
| What is primary hyperparathyroidism? |
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Definition
| Example: adenoma on parathyroid producing PTH leading to hypercalcemia |
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Term
| What is SECONDARY hyperparathyroidism? |
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Definition
| Example: have hypocalcemia/vit D def, and asked the parathyroid to undergo hyperplasia, |
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Term
| Most of the time we CANNOT do suppression tests on things that cause endocrine overactivity. What are the 2 exceptions where we suppress them, they deal with overactivity in the pituitary gland |
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Definition
| prolactinoma, Pituitary Cushings |
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Term
| How do we suppress a prolactinoma? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| How do you suppress Pituitary Cushings: b9 tumor in the pitiuitary that is making ACTH? |
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Definition
| you CAN suppress it with a high dose of dexamethasone. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| pt with hypocortisolism – lets do an ACTH stimulation test – will hang up an IV drip and put in some ACTH; collecting urine for 17 hydroxycorticoids (metabolic end product of cortisol) and nothing happens – so what is the hypocortisol due to? |
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Definition
Addison
dz – gland was destroyed – therefore, even if you keep stimulating it, you will not be making cortisol. |
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Term
| Most common cause (MCC) of hypopituitarism in adults? |
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Definition
nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma (within sella turcica – in the sphenoid bone, hence surgery is transphenoidal
surgery, where the expanded sella turcica is). |
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Term
| have a pregnant woman, has abruptio placenta and goes in to hypovolemic shock, now doing fine and breast feeding baby at home, but suddently stops breast milk production – dx? |
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Definition
| Postpartum necrosis – therefore she has infarcted her pituitary (coagulation necrosis) |
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Term
| How much bigger than normal is a pregnant woman's pituitary gland? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why does a pregnant woman not have galatorrhea? |
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Definition
bc the estrogen and progesterone inhibit release. So, the moment
you give birth, the inhibitory effect is released and start having galactorrhea. |
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Term
| MC of hypopituitarism in kids? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is craniopharygioma a malignant tumor? |
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Definition
| b9 tumor in a bad place. It is MC supra-sellar and it goes down and destroys the pituitary, but likes to go forward and bumps into optic chiasm, leading to bitemporal hemianopsia, leading to visual field defect. |
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Term
| What are the 2 major functions of GH? |
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Definition
| increased amino acid uptake and gluconeogenesis |
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Term
| What 2 hormones are stored in the posterior pituitary? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is Central Diabetes Insipidus? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| this condition is characterized by excessive thirst and excretion of large amounts of severely diluted urine, with reduction of fluid intake having no effect on the latter |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Nephrogenic Diabtetes Insipidus? |
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Definition
| (kidney doesn’t respond to ADH) |
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Term
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Definition
Water restriction. in a normal person, if you restrict water, the plasma osmolality will go up to 292 (the upper limit of
normal for the osmolality), 750 urine osmolality - what does that mean? Pt is concentrating the urine. |
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