Term
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Definition
| The "midnight judges" were appointed by John Adams following his defeat in 1800 by Thomas Jefferson. Reportedly, he worked well into the night of his last full day in office to get as many appointments done as possible, so that they could go to the lame-duck (Federalist) Senate first thing in the morning. |
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Term
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Definition
| Four laws passed by the U.S. Congress in 1798, in anticipation of war with France. The acts, precipitated by the XYZ Affair, they increased the waiting period for naturalization and authorized expulsion of aliens considered dangerous. The Alien and Sedition Acts were opposed by Thomas Jefferson and others and helped propel Jefferson to the presidency. They were repealed or had expired by 1802. |
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Term
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Definition
| First 10 amendments to the Constitution of the United States, adopted as a group in 1791. They are a collection of guarantees of individual rights and of limitations on federal and state government. |
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Term
| Democratic-Republican Party |
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Definition
A political party in the United States that was opposed to the Federalist Party and was founded by Thomas Jefferson in 1792 and dissolved in 1828.
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Term
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Definition
- Born: 24 September 1755
- Birthplace: Fauquier County, Virginia
- Died: 6 July 1835
- Best Known As: Chief Justice of the United States, 1801-35
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Term
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Definition
| he Judiciary Act of 1789, passed on September 24 of that year, established both the US Supreme Court and a rudimentary federal court system. This was the first legislation passed by the the First Congress. |
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Term
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Definition
| An economic doctrine that opposes governmental regulation of or interference in commerce beyond the minimum necessary for a free-enterprise system to operate according to its own economic laws.
Read more: http://www.answers.com/topic/laissez-faire#ixzz1A7J0p8qk
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Term
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Definition
| A territory of the western United States extending from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains between the Gulf of Mexico and the Canadian border. It was purchased from France on April 30, 1803, for $15 million and officially explored by the Lewis and Clark expedition (1804-1806). |
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Term
| Marbury V. Madison (1803) |
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Definition
| First decision of the Supreme Court of the United States to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional, thus establishing the doctrine of judicial review. |
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Term
| Strict & loose interpretations of the Constitution |
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Definition
Loose interpretation: The Constitution allows everything, unless it specifically forbids it.
Strict interpretation:Strict interpretation of the Constitution is when you do only as much as the Constition allows you to do. Anything that is not mentioned in the Constitution is thought to be Unconstitutional. |
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Term
| Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions |
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Definition
| (1788 – 89) Measures passed by the legislatures of Virginia and Kentucky as a protest against the Alien and Sedition Acts. The resolutions protested limitations on civil liberties and declared the right of states to decide on the constitutionality of federal legislation. Though their authors applied the resolutions to the specific issues of the day, Southern states later used the measures to support the theories of nullification and secession. |
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Term
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Definition
| (1794) American uprising to protest a federal liquor tax. Farmers in western Pennsylvania rebelled against paying a tax on their locally distilled whiskey and attacked federal revenue collectors. |
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Term
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United States presidential election, 1800
[image]
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[image] |
[image] |
| Nominee |
Thomas Jefferson |
John Adams |
| Party |
Democratic-Republican |
Federalist |
| Home state |
Virginia |
Massachusetts |
| Running mate |
Aaron Burr |
Charles Cotesworth Pinckney |
| Electoral vote |
73 |
65 |
| States carried |
8 |
7 |
| Popular vote |
41,330 |
25,952 |
| Percentage |
61.4% |
38.6% |
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[image]
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| Presidential election results map. Green denotes states won by Jefferson, orange denotes states won by Adams, and gray denotes non voting territories. Numbers indicate the number of electoral votes allotted to each state. |
President before election
John Adams
Federalist
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Elected President
Thomas Jefferson
Democratic-Republican
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In the United States Presidential election of 1800, sometimes referred to as the "Revolution of 1800," Vice President Thomas Jefferson defeated incumbent president John Adams.
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Term
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Definition
| A U.S. political party founded in 1787 to advocate the establishment of a strong federal government and the adoption by the states of the Constitution. The party gained prominence in the 1790s under the leadership of Alexander Hamilton. |
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Term
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Definition
Pay off the foreign debt.
Issue new bonds to cover old ones.
Establish the National Bank.
Establish District of Columbia as nations capital.
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Term
| Hartford Convention (1814-15) |
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Definition
| (Dec. 5, 1814 – Jan. 5, 1815) Secret meeting of Federalist Party delegates from New England states who opposed the War of 1812. It adopted a strong states'-rights position in opposition to the mercantile policies of Pres. James Madison and the Embargo Act of 1807 and other measures that prohibited trade with Britain and France. News of the signing of the Treaty of Ghent on Dec. 24, 1814, which ended the war, discredited the nascent separatist movement at the convention and weakened Federalist influence. |
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