Term
| Name three embryonic outgrowths of the digestive tract: |
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Definition
| salivary glands, liver, and pancreas |
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Term
| A hernia proximal to the esophageal junction with the stomach can cause what? |
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Definition
esophageal reflux
(no real sphincter keeping food in stomach) |
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Term
| Pain after eating solid food is an indication of what? |
|
Definition
Achalasia
(upside down bird) |
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Term
| What could cause the esophagus to look like a half eaten apple core? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most superior portion of the stomach? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What sits inferior to the stomach? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
large hairball
(stomach can still function with large mass) |
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Term
| Why does the 4th segment of the duodenum arch superiorly? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| T or F: The duodenum is intraperitoneal. |
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Definition
F: retroperitoneal
(The stomach is intraperitoneal) |
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Term
| What is the 2nd part of the duodenum anterior to? |
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Definition
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Term
What are major differences between jejunum and ilium?
(characteristics of the wall, vasa rectae, arcades, fat) |
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Definition
The jejunum has thick rough walls with helical circularis, longer vasa rectae, fewer arcades, and fat stops short of intestine.
The ilium has prayer patches (lymphatics). |
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Term
| What part of the small intestine would a surgeon use for a bladder reconstruction? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| T or F: The jejunum and ilium are intraperitoneal. |
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Definition
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Term
| The bulges (folds) in the large intestine are called what? and are made of what? |
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Definition
| Haustra, made of Teniae coli (folds of muscle) |
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Term
| Which side of the colon is considered for storage? (R/L) |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two most superior points of the large intestine called? |
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Definition
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Term
What parts of the large intestine are considered intraperitoneal? and retroperitoneal?
When is the colon attached to mesentery? |
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Definition
intraperitoneal: cecum, transverse, sigmoid
retroperitoneal: ascending, descending, rectum
When in the intraperitoneal (free to move) |
|
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Term
| Why is it important to do a "digital" rectal exam? |
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Definition
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Term
Name the artery which supplies each:
Foregut
Midgut
Hindgut |
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Definition
Celiac Trunk
Superior Mesenteric Artery
Inferior Mesenteric Artery |
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Term
What is the foregut/midgut border?
What is the midgut/hindgut border? |
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Definition
2nd part of the duodenum
transverse colon |
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Term
| At which vertebral level does the celiac trunk, superior mesenteric, and inferior mesenteric arteries branch from the aorta? (anteriorly and unpaired) |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 4 major branches of the celiac trunk? and where do they supply blood? |
|
Definition
left gastric artery (distal esophagus)
splenic artery (fundus & spleen)
common hepatic artery (liver)
gastroduodenal artery |
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Term
| Bleeding from a large peptic ulcer is usually due to which damaged artery? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name 4 major branches of the superior mesenteric artery? and where they supply blood to? |
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Definition
middle colic artery (transverse colon)
right colic artery (ascending colon)
ileocolic artery (cecum/ascending junction)
appendicular artery (appendix) |
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Term
| Name to major branches of inferior mesenteric artery? |
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Definition
sigmoid artery
superior rectal artery |
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Term
| If tumors disseminate from colon via the venous system, where would the first tumors be found? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the intestinal trunk drain all of the GIT lymph into? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which nerves innervates the fore/midgut and hindgut with sympathetic or parasympathetic input? |
|
Definition
Sympathetic to Fore/Midgut via great,less, and least splanchnic nerves
Sympathetic to hindgut via lumbar splanchnic nerve
Parasympathetic to Fore/Midgut via vagal trunks
Parasympathetic to hindgut via pelvis splanchnic nerves (S2-S4) |
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Term
| T or F: The visceral afferents will follow the sympathetic efferents. |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the referred pain felt for the fore, middle, and hindgut? |
|
Definition
| epigastric, periumbilical, suprapubic |
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Term
| What is significant about the Meckel's diverticulum? |
|
Definition
looks just like the appendix ("2")
remnant of vetilline duct |
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