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GHC Nursing Medical Terminology Test 1
Words from Online Audio Glossary Chapters 1 - 5
150
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
01/21/2011

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Term
abnormal
Definition
Pertaining to away from the normal
Term
adhesion
Definition
Process of being stuck together
Term
antipyretic
Definition
Pertaining to an agent that works against fever
Term
antiseptic
Definition
Pertaining to an agent that works against sepsis; putrefaction
Term
antitussive
Definition
Pertaining to an agent that works against coughing
Term
asepsis
Definition
Without decay; sterile, free from all living microorganisms
Term
autoclave
Definition
Apparatus used to sterilize articles by steam under pressure
Term
autonomy
Definition
Condition of being self-governed; to function independently
Term
axillary
Definition
Pertaining to the armpit
Term
cachexia
Definition
Condition of ill health, malnutrition, and wasting; can occur in chronic diseases such as cancer and pulmonary tuberculosis
Term
centigrade
Definition
Having 100 steps or degrees, as the Celsius temperature scale
Term
centimeter
Definition
Unit of measurement in the metric system; one hundredth of a meter
Term
centrifuge
Definition
Device used in a laboratory to separate solids from liquids
Term
chemotherapy
Definition
Treatment using chemical agents
Term
diagnosis
Definition
Determination of the cause and nature of a disease
Term
diaphoresis
Definition
To carry through sweat glands; profuse sweating
Term
heterogeneous
Definition
Pertaining to a different formation
Term
kilogram
Definition
Unit of weight in the metric system; 1000 g
Term
macroscopic
Definition
Pertaining to objects large enough to be examined by the naked eye
Term
malformation
Definition
Process of being badly shaped, deformed
Term
microgram
Definition
Unit of weight in the metric system; 0.001 mg
Term
microorganism
Definition
Small living organism not visible to the naked eye
Term
microscope
Definition
Instrument used to view small objects
Term
milligram
Definition
Unit of weight in the metric system; 0.001 g
Term
milliliter
Definition
Unit of volume in the metric system; 0.001 L
Term
necrosis
Definition
Condition of tissue death
Term
neopathy
Definition
New disease
Term
oncology
Definition
Study of tumors
Term
paracentesis
Definition
Surgical puncture of a body cavity for fluid removal
Term
prognosis
Definition
Literally means condition of foreknowledge; prediction of the course of a disease and the recovery rate
Term
pyrogenic
Definition
Pertaining to the production of heat; a fever
Term
radiology
Definition
Study of radioactive substances
Term
syndrome
Definition
Combination of signs and symptoms occurring together that characterize a specific disease
Term
thermometer
Definition
Instrument used to measure degree of heat
Term
triage
Definition
Sorting and classifying of injuries to determine priority of need and treatment
Term
abrasion
Definition
Process of scraping away from a surface, such as skin or teeth, by friction; may be the result of trauma
Term
anesthetize
Definition
To induce a loss of feeling or sensation with the administration of an anesthetic
Term
arousal
Definition
Pertaining to a state of alertness
Term
asymmetrical
Definition
Unequal in size or shape; without proportion of the body or parts of the body; different in placement or arrangement about an axis
Term
asystole
Definition
Literally means without contraction of the heart; a life-threatening cardiac condition characterized by the absence of electrical and mechanical activity in the heart
Term
comatose
Definition
Pertaining to a state of deep sleep (coma)
Term
dysarthria
Definition
Difficult articulation of speech resulting from interference in the control over the muscles of speech, usually caused by damage to a central or peripheral motor nerve
Term
epithelium
Definition
Structure that covers the internal and external organs of the body and the lining of vessels, body cavities, glands, and organs; layer of cells forming the outermost layer of the skin and the surface layer of mucous and serous membranes
Term
exogenous
Definition
Pertaining to originating outside the body or an organ of the body or produced from external causes, such as a disease caused by a bacterial or viral agent foreign to the body
Term
grandiose
Definition
Pertaining to a feeling of “greatness”; refers in psychiatry to a person’s unrealistic and exaggerated concept of self-worth, importance, wealth, and ability
Term
gynecoid
Definition
To resemble a female
Term
hypertrophy
Definition
Literally means excessive nourishment; the increase in the size of an organ, structure, or the body caused by an increase in the size of the cells rather than the number of cells; also called overgrowth
Term
infection
Definition
Process whereby a pathogenic microorganism invades the body, reproduces, multiplies, and causes disease
Term
irregular
Definition
Pertaining to not being regular
Term
nasolabial
Definition
Pertaining to the nose and lip
Term
palpate
Definition
To use the hands or fingers to examine by touch; to feel
Term
steroid
Definition
Literally means resembling a solid substance; applies to any one of a large group of substances chemically related to sterols
Term
trauma
Definition
Physical injury or wound caused by external force, violence, or a toxic substance; also refers to psychological injury resulting from a severe emotional shock, which can cause disordered feelings and/or behavior
Term
turgor
Definition
Generally refers to the expected resiliency of the skin caused by the outward pressure of the cells and interstitial fluid
Term
afebrile
Definition
Pertaining to without fever
Term
anicteric
Definition
Pertaining to without jaundice (yellowish discoloration of the skin, whites of the eyes, mucous membranes, and body fluids)
Term
arrest
Definition
To stop, inhibit, restrain; a condition of being stopped, such as occurs in cardiac arrest when cardiac output and effective circulation stop
Term
bifurcate
Definition
Having two forks or two branches or two divisions; forked
Term
binary
Definition
Pertaining to separating into two branches or composed of two elements
Term
concentration
Definition
Process in psychology of being able to bring to the center one thought and focus on it, while excluding other thoughts
Term
decompensation
Definition
Failure of a system; in cardiology_failure of the heart to maintain adequate circulation; in psychology_failure of the defense mechanism system that may occur during a relapsing of a mental condition
Term
enucleate
Definition
Literally means to remove the kernel of; used to describe the removal of the eyeball surgically or to remove a cataract surgically; also means to remove a part or a mass in its entirety
Term
extraocular
Definition
Pertaining to outside the eye, as used in describing the extraocular eye muscles that control eye movement and eye coordination
Term
hyperactive
Definition
Nature or quality of excessive activity; can refer to the entire organism or to a particular entity such as the thyroid, heart, or muscles; also describes an individual who exhibits constant overactivity
Term
hypoplasia
Definition
Underdevelopment of a tissue, organ, or body
Term
insomnia
Definition
Condition of not being able to sleep
Term
intermediary
Definition
Pertaining to situated between two bodies or occurring between two periods of time
Term
latent
Definition
Lying hidden; quiet; not active
Term
lumen
Definition
Space within an artery, vein, intestine, or tube; also the hollow core of a hypodermic needle, which forms an oval-shaped opening when exposed at the beveled (flat, slanted surface) point
Term
multifocal
Definition
Pertaining to or arising from many locations
Term
occlusion
Definition
Process of closing or state of being closed of a passage
Term
parasternal
Definition
Pertaining to beside the sternum (breastbone)
Term
patent
Definition
Wide open; freely open
Term
pericardial
Definition
Pertaining to the pericardium (sac surrounding the heart)
Term
polydactyly
Definition
Pertaining to having more than the normal number of fingers and toes
Term
premenstrual
Definition
Pertaining to the time before the discharge of the menses
Term
react
Definition
Literally means to act again; to respond to stimuli; to participate in a chemical reaction
Term
regurgitation
Definition
Process of a backward flow of solids or foods from the stomach to the mouth or the backflow of blood through a defective heart valve
Term
sign
Definition
Any objective evidence of an illness or disordered function of the body that can be seen, heard, measured, or felt by the examiner
Term
subacute
Definition
Literally means below sharp; describes a state between acute and chronic with some acute features; used to describe the course of a disease process or the healing process following tissue injury
Term
superinfection
Definition
New infection caused by a different organism from one that caused the initial infection; can occur from a harmful effect of an antibiotic, when there is an overgrowth of a resistant strain of bacteria, fungi, or yeast
Term
symptom
Definition
Any perceptible change in the function of the body that indicates disease; can be classified as objective (signs), subjective (symptoms described by the patient), and cardinal (vital signs: temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure)
Term
unconscious
Definition
Pertaining to not being aware; lacking awareness of one’s environment
Term
adipose
Definition
Pertaining to fatty tissue throughout the body
Term
ambilateral
Definition
Pertaining to both sides
Term
anatomy
Definition
Literally means to cut up or to cut apart; study of the structure of an organism such as humans
Term
android
Definition
To resemble man
Term
bilateral
Definition
Pertaining to two sides
Term
biology
Definition
Study of life
Term
caudal
Definition
Pertaining to the tail
Term
chromosome
Definition
Microscopic body that carries the genes that determine hereditary characteristics
Term
cranial
Definition
Pertaining to the cranium (the portion of the skull that contains the brain)
Term
cytology
Definition
Study of cells
Term
dehydrate
Definition
To remove water; to lose or be deprived of water from the body; to become dry
Term
diffusion
Definition
Process in which parts of a substance move from areas of high concentration to areas of lower concentration
Term
ectomorph
Definition
Slender physical body form marked by predominance of tissue derived from the ectoderm (the outer layer of cells in the developing embryo)
Term
endomorph
Definition
Round physical body form marked by predominance of tissue derived from the endoderm (the inner layer of cells in the developing embryo)
Term
histology
Definition
Study of tissue
Term
homeostasis
Definition
State of equilibrium maintained in the body's internal environment
Term
karyogenesis
Definition
Formation of a cell's nucleus
Term
mesomorph
Definition
Well-proportioned body form marked by predominance of tissue derived from the mesoderm (the middle layer of cells in the developing embryo)
Term
pathology
Definition
Study of disease
Term
perfusion
Definition
Process of pouring through
Term
physiology
Definition
Study of the nature of living organisms
Term
protoplasm
Definition
Essential matter of a living cell
Term
somatotrophic
Definition
Pertaining to stimulation of body growth
Term
topical
Definition
Pertaining to a place, definite locale
Term
unilateral
Definition
Pertaining to one side
Term
visceral
Definition
Pertaining to body organs enclosed within a cavity, especially abdominal organs
Term
actinic dermatitis
Definition
Inflammation of the skin caused by exposure to radiant energy, such as x-rays, ultraviolet light, and sunlight
Term
albinism
Definition
Absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes
Term
anhidrosis
Definition
Condition in which there is a lack or complete absence of sweating
Term
autograft
Definition
Graft taken from one part of the patient's body and transferred to another part
Term
causalgia
Definition
Intense burning pain associated with trophic skin changes in the hand or foot after trauma to the part
Term
cryosurgery
Definition
Technique of using subfreezing temperature (usually with liquid nitrogen) to produce well-demarcated areas of cell injury and destruction
Term
cutaneous
Definition
Pertaining to the skin
Term
dermabrasion
Definition
Surgical procedure to remove acne scars, nevi, tattoos, or fine wrinkles on the skin by using sandpaper, wire brushes, or other abrasive materials on an anesthetized epidermis
Term
dermatitis
Definition
Inflammation of the skin
Term
dermatologist
Definition
Physician who specializes in the study of the skin
Term
dermatology
Definition
Study of the skin
Term
dermatome
Definition
Instrument used to cut the skin for grafting
Term
dermomycosis
Definition
Skin condition caused by a fungus
Term
ecchymosis
Definition
Condition in which the blood seeps into the skin causing discolorations ranging from blue-black to greenish-yellow
Term
erythroderma
Definition
Abnormal redness of the skin occurring over widespread areas of the body
Term
excoriation
Definition
Abrasion of the epidermis by scratching, trauma, chemicals, burns, etc.
Term
gangrene
Definition
Literally means an eating sore; necrosis, or death, of tissue or bone that usually results from a deficient or absent blood supply to the area
Term
hidradenitis
Definition
Inflammation of the sweat glands
Term
hyperhidrosis
Definition
Condition of excessive sweating
Term
hypodermic
Definition
Pertaining to under the skin or inserted under the skin, as a hypodermic injection
Term
icteric
Definition
Pertaining to jaundice
Term
intradermal
Definition
Pertaining to within the skin, as an intradermal injection
Term
keloid
Definition
Overgrowth of scar tissue caused by excessive collagen formation
Term
leukoderma
Definition
Localized loss of pigmentation of the skin
Term
melanocarcinoma
Definition
Cancerous tumor that has black pigmentation
Term
melanoma
Definition
Malignant black mole or tumor
Term
onychitis
Definition
Inflammation of the nail
Term
pachyderma
Definition
Thick skin
Term
paronychia
Definition
Infectious condition of the marginal structures around the nail
Term
pediculosis
Definition
Condition of infestation with lice
Term
rhytidoplasty
Definition
Plastic surgery for the removal of wrinkles
Term
scleroderma
Definition
Chronic condition with hardening of the skin and other connective tissues of the body
Term
seborrhea
Definition
Excessive flow of oil from the sebaceous glands
Term
senile keratosis
Definition
Condition of dry skin and localized scaling caused by excessive exposure to the sun occurring in older people
Term
squamous cell carcinoma
Definition
Malignant tumor of squamous epithelial tissue
Term
subcutaneous
Definition
Pertaining to below the skin, as a subcutaneous injection
Term
subungual
Definition
Pertaining to below the nail
Term
thermanesthesia
Definition
Inability to distinguish between the sensations of heat and cold
Term
trichomycosis
Definition
Fungus condition of the hair
Term
xanthoderma
Definition
Yellow skin
Term
xeroderma
Definition
Dry skin
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