œ

ö before 2 consonants

ø

ö before 1 consonant; öh

ç

ch after a front vowel or consonant; g in suffix -in

χ

Ch after a back vowel

i

i:Before 1 consonant

ie: before 1 consonant

ih: before one consonant

ieh: before 1 consonant

i: stressed ending -ik

I

Before 2 consonants

suffix -in and -nis

suffix -ig

unstressed ending -ik

O

O: before 1 consonant

Oh: before 1 consonant

OO: before 1 consonant

a

before 2 consonants

e

Stressed syllable and before 1 consonant; ee; eh

ε

 ä before 2 consonants;

 e before 2 consonants 

u

u before 1 consonant; uh before 1 consonant

P

P; pf as in english 'cupful'

a

a:Before 1 consonant

aa: before 1 consonant

ah: before 1 consonant

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e: final or in an unstressed syllable

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O before 2 Consonants

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ü or üh before 1 consonant

[image]

ü before 2 consonants

[image]

ng in same element

sp: initial in word or element

st: initial in word or element

ZW

words with ai, ay, ei, ey

words with au

words with eu or äu

ε:

 ä before 1 consonant

äh before 1 consonant