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Geometry Vocabulary
Math for Teachers II
69
Mathematics
Undergraduate 4
03/23/2009

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Term
Segment
Definition
subset of a line that contains two points of the line and all points between those two points
Term
Collinear Points
Definition
Points on the same line
Term
Ray
Definition
subset of a line that contains the endpoint and all points on the line on one side of the point
Term
Conplanar points
Definition
points in the same plane
Term
Noncoplanar points
Definition
points that cannont be placed in a single plane
Term
Coplanar Lines
Definition
Lines in the same plane
Term
Skew lines
Definition
lines that do not intersect, and there is no plane that contains them
Term
Intersecting lines
Definition
two coplanar lines with exactly one point in common
Term
Concurrent lines
Definition
lines that contain the same point
Term
Parallel lines
Definition
two distinct coplanar lines that have no points in common
Term
Half-plane
Definition
the part of a plane on one side of an indefinitely extended straight line drawn in the plane
Term
Angle
Definition
formed when two rays share an endpoint
Term
Vertex
Definition
common endpoint of two rays
Term
Adjacent angles
Definition
two angles that share a common vertex and a common side and do not have overlapping interiors
Term
Degree
Definition
the amount of "opening" between the sides of an angle
Term
Minute
Definition
a division of a degree. There are 60 of these in a degree. Denoted with "'"
Term
Second
Definition
a division of a minute. There are 60 of these in a minute. Denoted with a """
Term
Acute angle
Definition
an angle with a measure of less than 90 degrees
Term
Right angle
Definition
an angle with a measure of exactly 90 degrees.
Term
Obtuse angle
Definition
an angle with a measure of greater than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees
Term
Straight angle
Definition
an angle with a measure of exactly 180 degrees
Term
Perpendicular lines
Definition
when two lines intersect so that the angles formed are right angles
Term
Line Perpendicular to a Plane
Definition
a line that is perpendicular to every line in the plane through its intersection with the plane
Term
Simple curve
Definition
a curve that does not cross itself, except that if you draw it with a pencil, the starting and stopping points may be the same.
Term
Close curve
Definition
can be drawn starting and stopping at the same point
Term
Polygon
Definition
simple and closed and have sides that are only segments
Term
Convex curve
Definition
simple, closed, and have no indentations
Term
Concave curves
Definition
simple, closed, and has indentation
Term
Polygonal region
Definition
the union of the interior of a polygon with some, all, or none of the polygon itself
Term
Interior angle
Definition
any two sides of a polygon have a common vertex
Term
Exterior angle
Definition
determined by a side of the polygon and the extension of a contiguous side of the polygon
Term
Diagonal
Definition
any line segment connecting non-consecutive vertices of a polygon
Term
Congruent parts
Definition
parts that are the same size and shape
Term
Regular polygon
Definition
polygons which all the interior angles are congruent and all the sides are congruent
Term
Right Triangle
Definition
triangle that contains one right angle
Term
Acute triangle
Definition
triangle where all angles are acute
Term
Obtuse triangle
Definition
triangle where one angle is obtuse
Term
Scalene triangle
Definition
triangle with no congruent sides
Term
Isoceles triangle
Definition
triangle that contains at least two congruent sides
Term
Equilateral triangle
Definition
triangle with three congruent sides
Term
Trapezoid
Definition
a quadrilateral with at least one pair of parallel sides
Term
Kite
Definition
quadrilateral with two adjacent sides congruent and other two sides also congruent
Term
Isoceles trapezoid
Definition
a trapezoid with exactly one pair of congruent sides (and thus two congruent base angles)
Term
Parallelogram
Definition
a quadrilateral in which each pair of opposite sides is parallel
Term
Rectangle
Definition
a parallelogram with a right angle (a quadrilateral with 4 right angles)
Term
Rhombus
Definition
parallelogram with two adjacent sides congruent (a quadrilateral with all sides congruent)
Term
Square
Definition
a rectangle with two adjacent sides congruent (a quadrilateral with 4 right angles and 4 congruent sides)
Term
Supplementary angles
Definition
two angles the sum of whose measures is 180 degrees
Term
Complementary angles
Definition
two angles the sum of whose measures is 90 degrees
Term
Transversal
Definition
any line that intersects a pair of lines
Term
Sphere
Definition
set of all points at a given distance from a given point (the center)
Term
Polyhedron
Definition
a simple closed surface made up of polygonal regions (or faces)
Term
How to Face and Edge and Vertex relate? (Euler)
Definition
V+F-E=2
Term
Prism
Definition
a polyhedron in which two congruent faces lie in parallel planes and other faces are bounded by parallelograms
Term
Right Prism
Definition
prism with lateral faces that are bounded by rectangles
Term
Oblique prism
Definition
prism with some of its lateral faces not bounded by rectangles
Term
Pyramid
Definition
a polyhedron determined by a polygon and a point not in the plane of the polygon
Term
Right pyramid
Definition
a pyramid with all its lateral faces being congruent isoceles triangles
Term
Oblique pyramid
Definition
a pyramid with some of its lateral faces not being congruent isoceles triangles
Term
Convex polyhedron
Definition
a polyhedron where the segment connecting any two points in the interior of the polyhedron is itself in the interior
Term
Concave polyhedron
Definition
a polyhedron that has at least one segment connecting two points of the polyhedron that is in the exterior
Term
Regular polyhedron
Definition
a convex polyhedron whose faces are congruent regular polygonal regions such that the number of edges that meet at each vertex is the same for all the vertices of the polyhedron
Term
Name the Platonic Solids
Definition
Cube, Tetrahedron, Octahedron, Dodecahedron, Icosahedron
Term
Circular cylinder
Definition
cylinder iwth a base that is a circular region
Term
Right cylinder
Definition
cylinder where the line segments forming the cylinder are perpendicular to the base
Term
Oblique cylinder
Definition
cylinder where the line segments are not perpendicular to the base
Term
Circular cone
Definition
the union of line segments connecting point P to each point of a simple closed curve, the simple closed curve, and the interior of the curve
Term
Right circular cone
Definition
a cone whose altitude intersects the base (a circlular region) at the center of the circle
Term
Oblique circular cone
Definition
a cone whose altitude intersects the base (a circular region) at any point (other than the center) of the circle
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