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Geology Final
Chapter 23
26
Geology
Undergraduate 2
12/13/2012

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Cards

Term
______ is the planet that is most like the Earth in diameter and mass.
Definition
Venus
Term
Differentiation of the core from the mantle early in Earth’s history was possible because the planet was
____________ at the time.
Definition
very hot
Term
The four outer (giant) planets are composed largely of _______.
Definition
hydrogen
Term
The stream of charged particles given off by the Sun, which disallowed the accumulation of hydrogen
and helium in terrestrial planet formation, is called ____________.
Definition
solar wind
Term
The Moon's low average density tells us that the interior contains relatively little _______.
Definition
iron
Term
This star provides the energy that drives Earth's external heat engine.
Definition
Sun
Term
Heat left over from this planetary formation process along with radioactive decay, drives the Earth's internal heat engine.
Definition
differentiation
Term
In our current understanding of the Big Bang, ____________.
Definition
Universe considerably older than Earth
Term
____ is the largest planet in both radius and mass.
Definition
Jupiter
Term
To measure vast distances in the solar system, astronomers use the ____, the Earth's average distance from the Sun.
Definition
astronomical unit
Term
As planetismals struck the growing Earth, their impact energy in combination with ______ melted the planet.
Definition
radioactivity
Term
____ are small, planetlike bodies.
Definition
Planetesimals
Term
The Big Bang theory states that ____________.
Definition
all matter in the Universe was once confined to a single point
Term
Biological processes have removed most of the _______ from the Earth's atmosphere.
Definition
carbon dioxide
Term
Atoms that are heavier than iron are generally produced by ____________.
Definition
explosion of super novas
Term
Strong evidence that the Universe is expanding comes from the fact that the light emitted from distant
galaxies appears to be ____________.
Definition
red shifted
Term
The Earth's atmosphere is rich in _____, a product of plant photosynthesis.
Definition
oxygen
Term
When 17th century astronomer _______ first viewed Jupiter with his telescope he saw four satellites orbiting the planet.
Definition
Galieo
Term
To the best of our knowledge, the Earth, Sun, and Moon are all the same age, about _______ years old.
Definition
4.6 billion
Term
Aside from Earth, the terrestrial planets are ____________.
Definition
Mars, Mercury, and Venus
Term
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are surrounded by atmospheres of _______.
Definition
hydrogen and helium
Term
The gas giant, or Jovian, planets are ____________.
Definition
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune
Term
The atmosphere of Venus is dominated by _________.
Definition
carbon dioxide
Term
______ is the smallest of the inner four planets and closely resembles our moon.
Definition
Mercury
Term
Venus and Earth have ________ surfaces and atmospheres
Definition
very dissimilar
Term
The four planets nearest the sun are basically balls of rock and include ____.
Definition
Venus
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