Term
The fossilization process involving a molecular exchange of the original substance by inorganic matter of differing composition is
a. carbonization.
b. replacement.
c. meiosis.
d. mutation. |
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Definition
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Term
Snow that is falling in the Rocky Mountains is
a. white
b. blue
c. green |
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Definition
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Term
Gradual progressive change is referred to as
a. punctuated equilibrium.
b. peripheral isolation.
c. mutation.
d. phyletic gradualism. |
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Definition
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Term
Which taxonomy lists—from largest to smallest—is correct?
a. order, species, family, genus, phylum, kingdom, class
b. species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom
c. kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
d. species, order, genus, phylum, class, family, kingdom |
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Definition
| c. kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species |
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Term
Marine and transitional environments are more favorable for fossil preservation than continental environments because the rate of sedimentation is generally greater.
a. true
b. false |
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Definition
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Term
Preservation of fossils of once living organisms is not promoted by
a. hard parts such as shells, bones, and teeth.
b. rapid burial in sediment.
c. small size of the organism.
d. chemical and biological destruction of the dead organism. |
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Definition
| d. chemical and biological destruction of the dead organism. |
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Term
A type of zone that is recognized by the overlapping ranges of two or more taxa is called
a. concurrent range zone.
b. assemblage zone.
c. range zone.
d. endemic range. |
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Definition
| a. concurrent range zone. |
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Term
Fossils that are abundant, widely dispersed and derived from organisms that lived during a relatively short span of geologic time are
a. reworked fossils.
b. index fossils.
c. haploid.
d. trace fossils. |
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Definition
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Term
Different species do not commonly (but not ever) interbreed under natural conditions.
a. true
b. false |
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Definition
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Term
What molecule caries chemically coded information from generation to generation, providing instructions for growth, development, and functioning?
a. carbon dioxide (CO2)
b calcium carbonate (CaCO3)
c. deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) |
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Definition
| c. deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) |
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Term
What is the process of cell division that produces new diploid cells with exact replicas of the chromosomal components of the parent cells?
a. meiosis
b. fertilization
c. mutation
d. mitosis |
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Definition
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Term
Diploid cells contain paired chromosomes.
a. true
b. false |
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Definition
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Term
Meiosis is division of cells to form gametes or sex cells (haploid cells), with half of the chromosomal set of the parent cell; occurs in a two-step process, producing four haploid cells.
a. true
b. false |
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Definition
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Term
Below the CCD water is colder and CaCO3 dissolves, clay or siliceous sediments are deposited. At what depth is this?
a. 4000 - 5000
b. 2000 - 3000
c. 6000 - 7000
d. 1000 - 2000 |
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Definition
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Term
The most extensive exposures of Precambrian rocks are in geologically stable regions of continents called
a. cratons.
b. platforms.
c. Precambrian provinces.
d. shields. |
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Definition
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Term
These organisms reproduce sexually, with a union of egg and sperm to form the nucleus of a single cell.
a. lithotrophs c. autotrophs
b. eukaryotes d. heterotrophs |
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Definition
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Term
Estuaries most commonly contain
A. normal seawater
B. fresh water
C. brackish water (mixture of seawater and fresh water). |
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Definition
| C. brackish water (mixture of seawater and fresh water). |
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Term
On Friday March 5th, 2010, it was unanimously agreed by scientist that what killed the dinosaurs?
A. massive volcanoes
B. gigantic flood
C. giant asteroid
D. I don’t believe the dinosaurs existed |
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Definition
| D. I don’t believe the dinosaurs existed |
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Term
In what city did the massive volcanoes, giant asteroid, or ice age occurred that led to the death of dinosaurs?
A. Yucatan
B. Mexico City
C. Tijuana |
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Definition
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Term
Red color in sedimentary rocks generally indicates a
A. high oxygen environment.
B. low oxygen environment. |
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Definition
| A. high oxygen environment. |
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Term
A coarse-grained sediment is generally a product of a
A. low-energy depositional environment.
B. high-energy depositional environment. |
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Definition
| A. low-energy depositional environment. |
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Term
A well sorted clastic sedimentary deposit is characterized by grains that have a
A. a small range of sizes.
B. large range of sizes. |
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Definition
| A. a small range of sizes. |
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Term
In general, the farther sediment is transported from its source it contains
A. less quartz and becomes less rounded.
B. more feldspar and becomes less rounded.
C. contains less quartz and becomes more rounded.
D. contains more quartz and becomes more rounded. |
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Definition
| C. contains less quartz and becomes more rounded. |
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Term
Much lime mud forms from disintegration of calcareous algae.
A. false
B. true |
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Definition
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Term
Most of the deserts of the world are found in what latitudes
A. 30 0 N – 40 0 S of equator
B. 40 0 N – 40 0 S of equator
C. 50 0 N – 50 0 S of equator |
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Definition
| A. 30 0 N – 40 0 S of equator |
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Term
Clays and shales generally indicate a ____________energy depositional environment.
A. low
B. high |
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Definition
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Term
________ sands tends to have higher porosity and permeability
A. well sorted
B. moderately sorted
C. poorly sorted |
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Definition
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Term
One of these is not a form of sedimentary cement
A. silica
B. basalt
C. calcite |
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Definition
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Term
Eaolian environments is dominated by what kinds of sediments
A. sand and silt
B. conglomerate and granite
C. sand and limestone |
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Definition
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Term
One of these is not a form of transitional depositional environments
A. fluvial
B. estuary
C. lagoon |
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Definition
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Term
One of these is not a form of sedimentary structure that form after deposition
A. footprints
B. cross bedding
C. mudcracks |
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Definition
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Term
Sediments with well rounded grains suggest
A. short distance of transportation
B. long distance of transportation
C. moderately distance of transportation |
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Definition
| B. long distance of transportation |
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Term
Stratification is the most obvious feature of sedimentary rocks. The layers are visible because of differences in all but one
A. color
B. gravity
C. texture |
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Definition
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Term
Glacial sediment deposits (till) are generally
A. poorly sorted.
B. well sorted |
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Definition
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Term
An arrangement of beds or laminations in which one set of layers is inclined relative to the others described what form of sedimentary structure
A. ripple marks
B. graded bed
C. cross-bedding |
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Definition
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Term
At about 0.7 billion years ago, one of these is not among the first body fossils.
A. worms
B. jellyfish
C. crabs |
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Definition
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Term
Planktonic foraminifera vary in size and coiling direction with temperature
A. true
B. false |
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Definition
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Term
Which one of these statements is not true?
A. high latitudes have low species diversity
B. low latitudes have high species diversity
C. high latitudes have high species diversity |
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Definition
| C. high latitudes have high species diversity |
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Term
The way in which organisms lives; its role or lifestyles defines a
A. niche
B. community
C. habitat |
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Definition
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Term
One of these is not a characteristic of an index fossil.
A. abundant
B. short geologic range
C. large size |
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Definition
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Term
One of these is not a criterion used in naming a formation.
A. lithologically homogeneous
B. traceable from exposure to exposure
C. most be visible at all locations |
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Definition
| C. most be visible at all locations |
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Term
Which of these groups is listed in an increasing order of lithostratigraphic units.
A. bed – member – formation – group
B. group – member – formation – bed
C. formation – member – bed – group |
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Definition
| A. bed – member – formation – group |
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Term
The characteristics of a particular rock unit, which is used to interpret the depositional environment defines
A. formation
B. facies
C. transgression |
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Definition
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Term
The seaward movement of the ocean defines a
A. regression
B. transgression
C. facies change |
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Definition
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Term
The landward movement of the ocean defines a
A. regression
B. transgression
C. facies change |
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Definition
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Term
One of these coal minerals swells when wet
A. kaolinites
B. smectites
C. illites |
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Definition
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Term
One of the rock sequences from bottom to top characterize transgressive sequence
A. limestone – shale – sandstone
B. sandstone – shale – limestone
C. shale – sandstone – limestone |
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Definition
| A. limestone – shale – sandstone |
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Term
Which of these events is not responsible for marine transgression?
A. melting of polar ice cap
B. localized sinking
C. formation of glaciers |
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Definition
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Term
A map that shows the thickness of formation or other units in an area is called
A. structure map
B. geologic map
C. isopach map |
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Definition
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Term
| The answer to this question is “A.” |
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Definition
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