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Gentics
for class
23
Biology
9th Grade
04/16/2013

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Gene
Definition
is a  seament of DNA
Term
Chromosome
Definition
 A cell that bears the gentic material.
Term
Allele
Definition

Traits such as eye color may be caused by the interaction of only one pair of alleles. 

 

Term
Genotype
Definition
The entire set of genes in an organism.
Term
Phenotype
Definition
The expression of a particular trait, for example, skin color, height, behavior.
Term
Gamete
Definition
A cell that fuses with another reproductive cell of the opposite sex during fertilization.
Term
Punnett Square
Definition
A tool that helps to show all possible allelic combinations of gametes in a cross of parents with known genotypes in order to predict the probability of their offspring
Term
Random Segregation
Definition
The act of segregating or the state of being segregated separation.
Term
Crossing Over
Definition
A process occurring during meiosis wherein two chromosomes pair up and exchange segments.
Term
Independent Assortment
Definition
he process of random segregation and assortment of chromosomes during anaphase I of meiosis resulting in the production of genetically unique gametes.
Term
Meiosis
Definition
Meiosis is a vital process because it reduces the original number of chromosomes to half and allows genetic.
Term
Fertilization
Definition
A process in sexual reproduction that involves the union of male sperm and female.
Term
Zygote
Definition
A cell in diploid state following fertilization or union of haploid male sex cell.
Term
Dominant
Definition
An allele or a gene that is expressed in an organism’s phenotype masking the effect of the recessive allele or gene when present.
Term

Recessive

Definition
A recessive allele or trait.
Term
Homozygous
Definition
Having two identical alleles that code for the same trait.
Term
Heterozygous
Definition
Having dissimilar alleles that code for the same gene or trait.
Term

Autosomal Inheritance

Definition
That are inherited via the autosomes from parents regardless of parents sex.
Term
X-Linked Inheritance
Definition
SILENT/HIDDEN  or males carrying the recessive allele are always affected.
Term
Complete Dominance
Definition
A kind of dominance wherein the dominant allele completely masks the effect of the recessive allele in heterozygous condition.
Term
Codominance
Definition
A condition in which the alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote are fully expressed thereby resulting in offspring
Term
Incomplete dominance
Definition

A kind of dominance occurring in heterozygotes in which the dominant allele is only partially expressed, and usually resulting in an offspring with an intermediate phenotype.

 

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