Term
Describe the locations of genes
1. Cytological map
2. Genetic map
3. Physical map |
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Definition
1. view from microscope when illuminated
2. ability to stay together or separate by genetic crosses (cM)
3. the sequence, the number of bp between genes (mb) |
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Term
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Definition
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms
-not a gene but is unique and stands out
-segregates like alleles
-used as a genetic marker
-difference in DNA that leads to restriction site changes
-changes occur through mutations called SNPs
(single nt polymorphism) |
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Term
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Definition
Variable Number Tandem Repeats
-regions of genome that contain short sequences that occur in tandem repeats
-differ in the length of the restriction sites they produce
-can produce genetic fingerprint |
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Term
| How are physical maps put together? |
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Definition
-individual clones are made and pieced together
-computer analysis sorts DNA and creates one piece
-contig: overlapping set that is placed together |
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Term
| Describe the human genome |
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Definition
-30-35kb in length
-Exons= 1.1% Introns=24%
-about 75% is intergenic |
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Term
| Describe functional genomics |
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Definition
1. study of gene products- mRNA and protein
2. microarray techniques study expression of entire genome-transcriptome
3. applied to cell types (liver), age (development), and drug specific scenarios (pharmacogenetics) |
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Term
| Explain the study of the proteome |
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Definition
1. study of all the proteins in a cell
2. GFP allows examination in cellular context
3. other colors work as well but can bleach
4. some gene functions are inferred from structure |
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Term
Describe Comparative Genomics
1. Taxonomic relationships
2. Bioinformatics |
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Definition
1. a. homo- similar genes
b. para- same species
c. ortho-different
2. information from DNA sequences
-provide protein data
-hints about crucial amino acids
-if it shows up more than random it must be important |
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