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Genetics
gene definitions
14
Biology
9th Grade
03/17/2011

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Term
DNA
Definition
This molecule holds an organism's hereditary information
Term
gene
Definition
A segment of DNA on the chromosome that is coded for a particular trait
Term
allele
Definition
Alternative forms of a gene, like tall and short in Mendel's pea plants
Term
trait
Definition
A specific, observable, characteristic that caries from one individual to another
Term
dominant
Definition
An allele that can mask the recessive allele.
Term
recessive
Definition
An allele that can be masked by the dominant allele
Term
homozygous
Definition
Having two identical alleles for the same genetic trait, eg. TT or tt
Term
heterozygous
Definition
Having two different alleles for the same genetic trait, eg. Tt
Term
genotype
Definition
The specific combination of alleles an individual has, eg. TT or Tt
Term
phenotype
Definition
The physical expression of genes, eg. tall or short
Term
Gregor Mendel
Definition
Father of Genetics
Term
Incomplete Dominance
Definition
The heterozygous phenotype is an intermediate phenotype between two homozygous phenotype.
(not 100% dominant)
Term
Sex-Linked Traits
Definition
also called X-linked traits, are traits controlled by genes located on the X-chromosome
Term
Sex Chromosomes
Definition
X & Y
XX- Female
XY- Male
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