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Genetics
Vocab
18
Biology
10th Grade
05/06/2009

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Term
genetics
Definition
the field of biology that focuses on how characteristics are transmitted from parent to offspring
Term
dominant
Definition
referring to a factor that masks another factor for the same trait
Term
recessive
Definition
referring to a factor that is masked by another factor for the same trait
Term
law of segregation
Definition
the segregation, or separation, of two factors for the same trait when a gamete forms
Term
law of independent assortment
Definition
the independent segregation of the factors that control different traits
Term
allele
Definition
an alternative form of a gene
Term
punnett square
Definition
a way to show the possible outcomesof a genetic cross
Term
phenotype
Definition
the expression of a genotype of an organism
Term
genotype
Definition
the genetic makeup of an organism
Term
homozygous
Definition
the condition where both alleles of a pair are alike
Term
heterozygous
Definition
the condition where both alleles of a pair are different
Term
monohybrid cross
Definition
a cross between individuals thar involes one trait
Term
Dihybrid cross
Definition
A cross between individuals that involve 2 traits
Term
Incomplete dominance
Definition
A situation where 2 or more alleles influence the phenotype, which is in between that of the parents
Term
codominance
Definition
A situation where both alleles for a gene are expressed in a heterozygous individual
Term
sex chromosome
Definition
a chromosome that carries the genes that determine an individual’s sex
Term
x-linked trait
Definition
a trait whose alleles are located only on the x chromosome
Term
pedigree
Definition
a family history that shows individuals who display a particular trait and those who do not display the trait
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