Term
| Mendels Principle of Segregation |
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Definition
| Allele pairs separate or segregate during gamete formation and randomly unite at fertilization |
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Term
| Principle of independant assortment |
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Definition
| The inheritance pattern of one trait will not affect the inheritance pattern of another |
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Term
| Assumptions underlying mendel's principles |
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Definition
| 1- organisms are diploid 2- only two alleles exist at that loci 3- complete dominance of one allele over another 4- independant assortment of alleles of alleles (no linkage) 5- no interaction between loci |
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Term
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Definition
| events that depend on eachother to happen |
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Definition
| events that have no effect on the other |
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Term
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Definition
| loci are physically located on the same chromosome |
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Term
| Incomplete or partial dominance |
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Definition
F1 heterozygous phenotype is different from either parent due to interaction of different alleles at the same loci
BOTH ALLELES ARE EXPRESSED |
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Term
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Definition
| trait that is not expressed at all in some individuals while others with the same geneotype express the trait |
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Term
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Definition
| trait is expressed in different amounts or intensities in different individuals with the same genotype |
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Term
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Definition
one gene influences multiple phenotypic traits
Manx Cats |
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Term
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Definition
autosomal genes express differently in male and females
Pattern baldness |
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Term
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Definition
expression of phenotype limited to one sex or the other
Chicken tails |
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Term
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Definition
Humans have 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of heterosomes
Humans XY male XX female
Birds XY female XX male
Bees XX female X0 Male |
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Term
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Definition
traits coded for by genes on heterosomes (sex chromosomes)
Red-Green Colorblindness |
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Term
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Definition
differences in phenotypic expression when allele is inherited from mother vs father
earlier onset of huntingsons disease |
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Term
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Definition
Two or more loci interact to control a phonotypic trait
Lab retrievers coat color |
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Term
| Complementary gene action |
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Definition
functional alleles at more than one locus necessary to complete a metabolic pathway
needs both enzymes to show |
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Term
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Definition
allele at one locus suppresses action of different alleles at another locus
Albinoism |
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Term
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Definition
| inherited genetic disorder shows symptoms earlier and with increased severity in each succeeding generation |
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Term
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Definition
DNA found in the mitochondria and/or chloroplasts contains copies of maternal organelle DNA
Maternal trait is passed down
Ex
myclonal epilepsy
retinitis pigmentosa
lever's optic neuropathy |
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