Shared Flashcard Set

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Genetics
11-07-11
18
Science
7th Grade
11/08/2011

Additional Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

Heredity

Definition

 

 

The passing of traits from parents to offspring

Term

 

 

Who was the first person to study heredity?

 

(3 Facts)

Definition

Gregor Mendel

 

1.  priest in a monestary

2.  studied pea plants

3.  father of modern genetics

Term

 

 

 

Genetics

Definition

 

 

 study of heredity

Term

 

 

Fertilization

Definition

 

 

The joining of sperm and egg

Term

 

 

What is the difference between self-pollinating plants and cross-pollinating plants?

Definition

self-pollinating - pollen from a flower lands on the pistol of the same flower

 

Cross-pollinating - to cross two plants, pollen from one flower is is removed from one plant and brushed onto another

Term

 

 

Purebred

Definition

 

 

The offspring of many generations that have the same traits

Term

 

 

 

Genes

 

Definition

 

 

The segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait, controls the trait

Term

 

 

Alleles

Definition

 

 

 

the different forms of a gene

Term

 

 

What is the difference between a gene and an allele? 

Give an example of each.

Definition

 

Gene - eye color

 

Allele - brown, blue, hazel, green, gray

Term

 

 

 

Dominant Allele

Definition

 

 

An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present

Term

 

 

 

Recessive Allele

Definition

 

 

An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present

Term

 

 

 

Genotype

Definition

 

 

an organisms genetic makeup, or allele combinations

Term

 

 

 

Phenotype

Definition

 

 

an organisms physical appearance, or visible traits

Term

 

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

 

Give an example of each.

Definition

 

Genotype - Ab

 

Phenotype - brown eyes

Term

 

 

 

Chromosome

Definition

 

Threadlike chromatin in the nucleus to form double-rod structures

Term

 

 

How many chromosomes do humans have?

 

Definition

 

 

23 pairs, or 46

Term

 

 

Do all organisms have the same number of chromosomes?

Definition

 

 

No

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