Term
| steps for Karyotype analysis? |
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Definition
| chromosomes are spread, stained and viewed. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| use white blood cells, Treat with phytohemagglutinin, add colcemid, and squash cells (chromosomes spill out), stain them, and take pictures |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Fluorescent in situ hybridization |
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Term
| Reasons for cell division? |
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Definition
Asexual reproduction of unicellular organisms
Development and growth of multicellular organisms
Wound healing
Maintenance and replacement |
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Term
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Definition
| nuclear division, an orderly division of genetic material between 2 daughter cells |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs near the end of mitosis, cytoplasm divided up as one cell becomes two |
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Term
| a time of cell growth and general functioning. |
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Definition
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Term
| all the DNA in the cell is doubled to prepare for division |
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Definition
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Term
| cell prepares for division. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| cells not dividing; may never divide again, or may re-enter cycle when needed |
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Definition
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Term
| actual dividing up of the copied chromosomes and distribution to daughter cells |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| G1-10hrs, S-9hrs, G2-4hrs, and mitosis-1hr |
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Term
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Definition
| G1/S checkpoint: is DNA in good condition? Has cell grown sufficiently in size, G2/M checkpoint: is DNA synthesis completed? Is DNA in good condition? M checkpoint: are spindle fibers formed? Are chromosomes attached to the spindle? |
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Term
proteins that phosphorylate other molecules
Adding a PO4 turns molecules “on” or “off” |
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Definition
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Term
| proteins that come and go with the cell cycle? |
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Definition
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Term
| spindle forms, nucleolus disappears, nuclear membrane dissolves, chromosomes begin condensing. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
where spindle is
attached and pulls the chromosomes |
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Term
| what happens during the S phase of the cell cycle? |
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Definition
each
chromosome is duplicated; these are not homologous chromosomes, but are
exact duplicates = sister chromatids |
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Term
| where are sister chromatids attached? |
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Definition
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Term
| chromosomes completely condense, line up along equator; sister chromatids visible, attached to spindle at centromeres |
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Definition
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Term
| chromosomes are lined up along cell equator |
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Definition
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Term
| sister chromatids lined up along equator separate from each other, moving to opposite poles of the cell. |
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Definition
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Term
| spindle disappears, nuclear membrane reforms, and chromosomes de-condense |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| a special nuclear division process for producing haploid gametes |
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Definition
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Term
| Sister chromatids condense, become visible. Nuclear membrane dissolves; spindle forms |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Leptonema: threads appear, homology search begins.
Zygonema: thickening continues, pairing occurs (synapsis), “bivalents” visible.
Pachynema: more thickening, “tetrads” visible, crossing over starts; sister chromatids are visible.
Diplonema: chiasmata are visible as pairs of sister chromatids begin to separate.
Diakinesis: chromosomes repel each other, chiasmata move towards ends of chromatids. |
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Term
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Definition
| when homologous chromosomes are paired up and at first stick to each other along their entire length. |
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Term
| pieces that break and swap places in DNA? |
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Definition
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Term
| Paired homologues line up along cell equator. |
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Definition
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Term
| NOT sister chromatids. Reduction division |
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Definition
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Term
sister chromatids
separate, leaving
only 1 of each
type of
chromosome in
the cell |
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Definition
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