Details Title: Genetics 2 Description: Genetics 2 Total Flash Cards: 31 Created: 09/22/2009 21:05:39		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Agriculture Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term A gene is a sequence of Definition DNA Term DNA is used to make: Definition RNA Term RNA is used to make Definition protein Term DNA contains information. DNA to RNA to protein= Definition information transfer Term Each nucleotide has 3 parts- Definition a sugar, an acid and a base Term 4 different bases in a nucleotide Definition adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine Term Base pairs Definition A-T   C-G Term DNA replication Definition An enzyme, DNA polymerase, catalyzes in the replication process. Term Central Dogma Definition DNA --> to RNA --> to protein Term DNA is packaged into Definition chromosomes Term Transcription Definition molecules of RNA are produced on the DNA templates in the nuleus. A base sequence in DNA serves as a pattern for assemblin a strand of messenger (m)RNA Term Translation Definition RNA molecules shipped from the nucleus to the cytoplasm to be used in polypeptide assembly. A certain type of RNA directs the linkage of one amino acide after another, according to the sequence specified on the mRNA. Term In transcription, what do genes do? Definition a gene provides information for the sysnthesis of mRNA Term Genes in translation: Definition the linear sequence of nucleotides in RNA determines the linear sequence of amino acids in a protein. Term What is the end product of translation? Definition a protein Term What is a codon? Definition tri-nucleotide sequences Term What is the promary structure of proteins? Definition Amino Acids Term Proteins are... Definition polymers of amino acids Term Every three basis on an mRNA molecule specifies an amino acid to be included into a growing polypeptide chain. This is called the Definition genetic code Term How many triplets of a genetic code are there? Definition 64 Term How many different amino acids are in our proteins? Definition 20 Term Proteins Definition linear, unbranched chains of amino acids. Term Mutations result from Definition 1. Mistakes in DNA replication 2. Chemical or physical agents such as radiation or UV light Term Most damage to DNA... Definition is immediately repaired. Term Mutations that persist in somatic cells... Definition can cause problems for the individual carrying the mutation but are not passed on to progeny. Term Genome Definition the complete genetic material of an entire organism Term Redi's Experiment Definition Maggots are not generated as meat decays, derived from "droppings" of flies. Term Needham's Experiment Definition microorganisms found in boiled mutton broth arise spontaneously from the broth Term Spallanzani's experiment Definition Microonisms found in broth do not arise spontaneously, enter from the air. Term Pasteur's Experiment Definition exclusion from microorganisms from boiled broth and not the exclusion of oxygen, prevent growth of microorganisms in boiled broth. Term The two strands of the double helix Definition run in opposite directions. They are complementary.