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Definition
| Pathologic proteinaceous substance, results from abnormal folding of certain proteins |
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Definition
| result of amyloid fibrils in extracellular tissues, which disrupts normal tissue function |
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Definition
Calcium salt deposition in DEGENERATING AND NECROTIC tissues - unrelated to blood Ca++ levels
Can ossify e.g. calcinosis circumscripta, calcinosis cutis |
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Term
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Definition
PERSISTENTLY HIGH Ca++ CONC resulting in large amounts of Ca++ entering cells and precipitating in organelles
e.g. due to renal failure, excess vit D, hyperparathyroidism |
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Definition
| diffuse Ca++ deposition in dermis and subcutis - dytrophic calcification |
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| Raised nodules of chalky/putty/gritty material separated by c.t. bands - dystrophic calcification of damaged collagen? |
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Definition
| Von Kossa (stains brown-black) |
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Definition
| deposition of crystals of uric acid / urates (end products of purine metabolism) |
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Definition
| There is a FB-reaction to urate crystalls and so get acute and chronic inflam, w. white, chalky nodules near / in joints |
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Definition
| Derived from Hb and part of storage pool of iron – iron stored in cells in assoc. w. apoferritin (protein) and these aggregate to form haemosiderin when there is an excess |
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Definition
| Haemosiderin deposition in many tissues ie. systemic |
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Term
| Causes of local haemosiderin deposits |
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Definition
| Local breakdown of RBCs e.g. local haemorrhage (bruise!) |
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Term
| Causes of haemosiderinosis ie. systemic |
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Definition
-incr. iron absorption
-chronic passive congestion (get 'heart failure cells' in lungs)
-haemolytic anaemia |
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Term
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Definition
| Perl's prussian blue stain |
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Term
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Definition
Released w. haemolysis of RBC and toxic to renal tubular epithelium when crosses glomerulus
e.g. occurs in copper-toxity in cattle and sheep (causes haemolysis) |
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Definition
| Bile pigment - produced from haemoglobin after iron and globin removed/recycled. Yellow. |
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Definition
Caused by an excess of bilirubin in plasma - disrupted equilibrium between production and clearance.
Can be pre-hepatic, hepatic, post-hepatic |
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Term
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Definition
Excess production of bilirubin
e.g. haemolytic dz |
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Term
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Definition
| Reduced uptake / processing of bilirubin by hepatocytes due to damage |
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Term
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Definition
| Decr. bile excretion e.g. bile duct obstruction |
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Definition
"wear and tear / ageing" pigment due to free radical damage
-pale brown pigment
-composed of lipids and phospholipids complexed w. protein
-non-harmful |
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Term
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Definition
| Schmorl's technique staining |
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Definition
| "wear and tear / aging" pigment but pathological; due to severe malnutrition, Vit E deficiency / high unsat. FA intake, cachexia |
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Definition
endogenous brown/black pigment formed in melanocytes
Normal in skin, may be deposited in organs (non-harmful) |
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Definition
| deposition of melanin in organs - non-harmful |
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Definition
| benign tumour of melanocytes/blasts |
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Definition
| malignant tumour of melanocytes |
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Definition
| Formed from air pollution - collects in lungs and draining LNs, mainly IC in macrophages |
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