Shared Flashcard Set

Details

General Anesthetics (GAs)
Inhaled and IV GAs
10
Medical
Professional
11/06/2008

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Nitrous Oxide
Definition

  • rapid induction & recovery (low solub in blood & tissues)
  • elim in lungs; no metabolism
  • low potency anesthetic; effective analgesic
  • interaxn w/ B12 in enteric bac --> B12 deficiency

 

Term
Halothane
Definition

  • slow induction & recovery
  • elim by lungs (80%) & liver
  • malignant hyperthermia
  • hepatotoxicity in adults - OK for kids
  • preg. women - can prolong labor (inhib uterine contractions)
  • decr BP (cardiac depression)
  • cerebral vasodilator --> incr ICP
Term
Enflurane
Definition

  • slow induction & recovery
  • used for maintenance anesthesia
  • decr. BP; minimal effects on HR
  • cerebral vasodilation --> incr ICP
  • skel mm relaxn
  • seizures
Term
Isoflurane
Definition

  • not metabolized; excr'd by lungs
  • decr BP (decr vasc resist; CO maintained)
  • coronary vasodilator
  • incr. cerebral blood flow; transient incr. CSF pressure
  • malignant hyperthermia
Term
Sevoflurane
Definition

  • rapid induction and recovery
  • decr. BP; cardiac depressant
  • bronchodilation
  • seizures
  • malignant hyperthermia
  • rare post-surg hepatic dysfxn (+/- jaundice)
Term
Sodium Thiopental
Definition
  • barbituate (IV)
  • rapid action, short duration; "induction"
  • lipid solub; crosses BBB, accumulates in adipose
  • respiratory & cardiac depression
  • narrow therapeutic margin
  • not analgesic
  • contraindicated: cardiovasc disease, Addison's, hepatic/renal dysfxn, myxedema, hi blood urea, anemia, myasthenia gravis
Term
Etomidate
Definition
  • imidazole (IV) - like thiopental but rapid metab
  • no cardiovasc or resp depression
  • involuntary mvmts during induction
  • decr ICP; decr IOP
  • reduced plasma cortisol; lasts 6-8 hrs, resist to ACTH
Term
Propofol
Definition
  • phenol class (IV)
  • rapid induction & recovery (metab)
  • slow injxn
    • avoid hypotension, Hb desatn, apnea, airway obstrxn
  • crosses placenta
Term
Ketamine
Definition

  • IV - "dissociative anesthesia"
  • PCP analog; may cause psychosis
  • neuroprotective in ischemic brain injury & glutamate-induced injury
  • incr. BP & HR
Term
Fentanyl
Definition
  • IV
  • most potent opiod
  • 30-60 min duration of analgesia
  • decr. heart & respir rate
  • muscle rigidity
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