Term
1.Involuntary/voluntary release of gas from the stomach/esophagus
Where does it come from?
Tx for this condition |
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Definition
Belching
All stomach gas is derived from swallowed air (aerohagia) or carbonated drinks
3. behavioral change, Simethicone and antacids are of no value
Simethicone does tend to help with bloating |
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Term
From swallowed air, bacterial fermentation of undigested carbohydrates
Normal volume
Tx of this condition |
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Definition
Flatus
500-1500 ml/day; 6-20 times/ day
3. lactose-free diet first, avoid beans/cauliflower/brussel sprouts/broccoli/cabbage/onions/beer/red wine/ eggs
Beano-reduces gas production from beans
No practical use from Simethicone
No gas production from rice flour as compared to regular flower |
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Term
Gases with little oder are from?
Gases that are malodorous are from?
Excessive amounts of flatus may mean... |
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Definition
1.plant carbohydrates- hydrogen and methane
2.from meats and eggs (sulfur dioxide containing)
3.malabsorption |
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Term
Patients may use this term to refer to increased frequency of episodes per day/ increased liquid/ sense of urgency/
incontinence
How much is created per day? |
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Definition
Diarrhea
10L enters Duodenum, all but 1.5L is absorbed, colon absorbs most of this with only 100mL lost in the stool |
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Term
| With constipation "what do you mean when you say diarrhea?" |
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Definition
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Term
definition of diarrhea
definition of acute
Tx of acute diarrhea
Prognosis
MCC of diarrhea |
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Definition
1. increased stool frequency >3BM/day of liquid
2. <3 weeks
3. Diet(avoid high fiber foods/fats/dairy), easy to digest foods only( soup/crackers); re-hydrate- PO osmotically balanced (Glu/Na/Cl/K/HCO3);Anti-diarrheals(imodium/pepto); ABX-select pt's
4. self resolves in 5 days
5. Viral gastroenteritis |
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Term
Watery, nonbloody diarrhea, periumbilical cramps, N/V--what is it?
What causes it |
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Definition
Non-inflammatory diarrhea
Viral/protozoal/bacterial |
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Term
Pt with: fever, bloody diarrhea, LLQ cramps, tenesmus, fecal leukocytes-- what is it?
What causes it? |
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Definition
Inflammatory diarrhea
MC is cytotoxin producing bacterial organisms |
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Term
Pt undergoing flexible sigmoidscopy view with:
Hemorrhagic colitis- caused by...
Hemorrhagic ulcers- caused by... |
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Definition
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Term
| What accelerates the absorption of solute and water from the small intestine |
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Definition
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Term
ORS recipe
General Diarrhea Diet
Pt with: T > 101.3, Bloody diarrhea/abd pain, >=6 loose/water BM/day, profuse watery diarrhea/ dehydration Sx, or immunocompromised pt's |
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Definition
1. (1L H2O + 1tsp NaCl + 8tsp Sucrose)/3 fill difference back up with water and add 3tsp NaCl to final product
2. Bananas, Rice, Applesauce, Toast
3. Complete medical evaluation due to danger signs present |
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Term
Chronic Diarrhea Causes
Tx |
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Definition
Osmotic/secretory/inflammatory, malabsorption/motility d/o / chronic infections/ IBS
2. Correct underlying condition |
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Term
| Pt with: stool volume decreases with fasting/ increased stool osmotic gap, Hx of taking: lactulose/sorbitol/ dissacharhide deficiency-lactulose intolerance/ Mg use |
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Definition
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Term
| Pt with: Lg volumes (>1L/day), little change of volume with fasting, normal stool osmotic gap. Hx of: medication/laxitive use/ villous adenoma/ bile salt malabsorption |
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Definition
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Term
| Pt with: MC neuroendocrine tumors. MC presents with PUD and diarrhea |
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Definition
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Term
| Pt with: Fever, hematochezia, abdominal pain, fecal leukocytes. Hx of: IBS, lymphoma, adenoma, radiation |
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Definition
Inflammatory
Ciprofloxacin |
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Term
Pt with: wt loss, fecal fat. Hx of: Sprue/ Chron's, short bowel syndrome, lymphoma, TB, carcinoid, chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic insufficiency, carcinoma, fistulas, small intestinal diverticuula
Difference b/t tropical and non-tropical sprue? |
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Definition
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Term
| Pt with: systemic dz/prior abd SX. Hx of: partial gastrectomy, blind loop with bacterial overgrowth, hyperthyroidism |
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Definition
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Term
| Pt with: immunosuppression. Hx of: Giardia lamblia, Entaboeba histolytica, Cyclospora, AIDS |
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Definition
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Term
| Any pt with diarrhea, must r/o a big one on your DDx |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 24 h. stool collection for weight and quantitative fat, stool osmolality, stool laxitive screen, fecal leukocytes, stool for Ova and Parasites |
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