Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Gallbladder
Diagnostic Medical Sonography
45
Medical
Undergraduate 1
03/12/2011

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
8-12 hrs
Definition
Patient must be fasting for?
Term
Distended, filled with biled, making it anechoic with echogenic walls
Definition
Gallbladder sonographicaly looks?
Term
Gallbladder
Definition
  • reservoir for bile
  • stored there until it's needed to aid in digestion

 

Term
Cholecystokinin
Definition
Released into the blood and the GB contracts sending bile out into the digestive system
Term
Located on posterior surface of right lobe of liver, but location may vary
Definition
Where is gallbladder located?
Term
Cystic duct
Definition

Bile enters and leaves the GB

through this duct

Term
Gb changes position as pt changes psition
Definition
Does the GB change position?
Term
in the liver
Definition
Where is bile produced?
Term
Right and left hepatic ducts
Definition
Where does the bile drain from the liver?
Term

Porta hepatis

&

common hepatic duct

Definition
The rt. and lt. hepatic ducts leave the liver proximal to what? and unite to form what?
Term

common hepatic duct

&

Cystic duct

Definition
What forms the common bile duct?
Term

Hepatic

&

Cystic ducts

Definition
Bile from the liver reaches the GB through what?
Term
Rt. and Lt. hepatic ducts
Definition
Considered intrahepatic ducts b/c they are completely enclosed by liver tissue
Term
Hydrops
Definition
Any dilation of the gallbladder
Term
5cm
Definition
Gallbladder shouldnt measure more than?
Term
Fundus
Definition
  • bottom of GB
  • location in relation to gravity

 

Term
Dependent portion
Definition
Part of gallbladder that is closest to gravitly
Term
Body
Definition
Bordered posteriorly by bowel
Term
Neck
Definition

Lies to right of the porta hepatis

Term
Hartmann's pouch
Definition
Normal variant of neck is a small posterior pouch
Term
Cystic Duct
Definition
  • Connects the GB to the Common hepatic duct
  • common hepatic duct is then called the common bile duct
  • forms neck of GB
Term
Spiral valves of Heister
Definition

Series of folds in cystic duct that holds

duct open

Term
Common Bile Duct
Definition
  • Anterior to the portal vein
  • enters the duodenum posterior to the pancreatic head along with the duct from the pancreas at the ampulla of vater and sphincter of oddi
Term
<3mm
Definition
Gallbladder wall measurements
Term
4-6mm
Definition
Normal measurements of common hepatic duct and common bile duct
Term
<1cm
Definition
Normal measurements of bile ducts after cholecystectomy
Term
CBD may be up to 1mm in diameter larger
Definition

normal measurements of CBD

 over 50 years of age

Term
Proper hepatic artery
Definition
Supplies the gallbladder and parts of the liver
Term

Hepatic artery

&

Cystic artery

Definition
Gallbladder perfused by?
Term
  • Inner layer - mucosa
  • Middle layer - fibromuscular
  • Outer layer - serous
Definition
3 layers of GB wall
Term
  • septation
  • phrygian cap
Definition
Variations of gallbladder
Term
  • Oral cholecystogram
  • Cholecystokinin
Definition
Common diagnostic tests
Term

Oral cholecystogram

OCG

Definition
a contrast material is ingested by the patient the night before the test. Information on structure and function of the gallbladder is obtained
Term
Cholecystokinin
Definition
hormone secreted into the blood. Stimulates contraction of the gallbladder
Term

Nuclear Medicine

(HIDA SCAN)

Definition
Small amount of radiopharmaceutical is injected. It passes through the blood stream to the liver, then to the biliary system and evenually into the duodenum. Functional info is the primary focus of this test.
Term
CT Scan
Definition
Cross sectional images of the biliary system ar obtained. Structional info is th purpose.
Term
Bilirubin detoxification
Definition
  • Breakdown product of hemoglobin in tired red blood cells
  • Secretion of bilirubin into the gut via the biliary tree
  • The bilirubin molecules become attached to albumin in the blood and are transported to the liver
Term
Bilirubin
Definition
  • Measurement of concentration of bilirubin in the blood is a standard lab test for hepatocellular disease as well as hepatobiliary disease
  • direct and in-direct
Term
Direct-acting
Definition
Conjugated, circulated freely in the blood, elecates usually as a result of obstructive jaundice
Term
Indirect-acting
Definition
Unconjugated, protein bound in the serum; elevation due to increased RBC destruction
Term
Bilirubin to bile
Definition
liver cells convert this
Term

1. excessive amount of RBC destruction

2. malfunction of liver cells

3. blockage of the ducts leading from the cells

Definition

Production cycle can be disrupted

 in three ways:

Term
almost always end in -ASE
Definition
Enzyme rule
Term
  • AST
  • Aspartase aminotransferase (SGOT)
  • ALT
  • Alanine aminotransterase (SGPT)
  • Alk Phos
Definition
Liver enzymes
Supporting users have an ad free experience!