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Fungi
Made Ridiculously Simple
15
Medical
Professional
08/10/2008

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Term
What are yeast?
Definition
Unicellular gorwth form of funig.. Appear spherical to ellipsoidal. Reproduce by budding.
Term
What is psudohypahe
Definition
When yeast buds (from reproduction) do not separate, they can form long chains of yeast cells
Term
What are hyphae
Definition
THreadlike, branchinkg, cylindrical tubules of composed of fungal cells attached end to end. Grow by extendding in length from the tips of the tubules
Term
What are  molds?
Definition
AKA Mycelia= Multicellular colonies composed of clumps of intertwined branching hyphae. Molds grow by longitudinal extnesion and produce spores
Term
What are spores?
Definition
Reporducing bodies of molds. Rarely seen in skin scrapings
Term
Whar are Dimorphic fungi?
Definition
Fungi that can grow as either a yeast or mold, depending on environmental conditions and temperature. Usually growing as yeast at body temperatures.
Term
What are Saprophytes?
Definition
Fungi that live in and utilize organic matter (soil, rotten vegetation) as an energy source.
Term
What are Ergosterols?
Definition
Main sterol in Fungai. Majority of antifungal agents disrupt this sterol y binding to it and therby punching holes in fungal wall .
Term
What fungi cause superficial Fungal infections?
Definition

1) Pityriasis versicolog--> hypo or hyperpigmented patches on the skin

2) Tinea Nigra--> Cause dark brown to black painless pathces on soles of hads and feet 

Term

Which group of fungi produce Cutaneous Fungal infections of the skin, hair, and nails?

Name some of the infections they cause. 

Definition

The Dermatophytoses!!!

They secrete keratinase! Cause

Tinea corporis (ring worm)

Tinea crusis (jock itch)

Tinea pedis (athlete's foot)

Tinea Capitis (scalp)

Tinea Ungium (onychomycosis--> nails) thickend, discolore and brittle  

Term
What fungus causes Thrush or diaper rash?
Definition
Candida albicans causes oral thrush, diaper rash, and candida vaginitis.
Term
How do Subcutaneous fungal infections  gain entrance?
Definition
Usually gain entrance to skin via trauma.
Term
What Fungi cause systemic Fungal infections?
Definition

1) Histoplasma

2) Blastomces

3) Coccidioides immitis

4) Paracoccidioides Brasilens 

Term
what are some of the characteristics of the the fungi that cause sstemic diseases in humans?
Definition

1) all are dimorphic-- grow as mycelial forms at 25C (and release spores) on agar, but at 37C grow in yeast form

2)  Have a certain geography niche

3) Acquired by inhalation (never transmitted person to person) usually spores are aerosolized from soil, bird droppings, or vegetation

affect Lung, skin, bone and Meniges 

 

Term
What are the geographical niches of the fungi that cause systemic disease?
Definition

1. Histoplasma and Blatomyces are endemic to Missippi River

2. Coccidioides is endemic to SW Us and North Mexico 

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