Term
| What are the 2 most common invasive fungal infections? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common type of candida? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is candida described under a microscope? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| How is aspergillus’ morphology described? |
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Definition
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Term
Which azole is renally cleared?
1. Ketoconazole
2. Clotrimazole
3. Fluconazole
4. Itraconazole
5. Voriconazole
6. Posaconazole |
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Definition
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Term
Which azole is well-absorbed and without recommendations for with or without food?
1. Ketoconazole
2. Clotrimazole
3. Fluconazole
4. Itraconazole
5. Voriconazole
6. Posaconazole |
|
Definition
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Term
Which azole has a black box warning for use in patients with heart failure?
1. Ketoconazole
2. Clotrimazole
3. Fluconazole
4. Itraconazole
5. Voriconazole
6. Posaconazole |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which azole is associated with visual changes?
1. Ketoconazole
2. Clotrimazole
3. Fluconazole
4. Itraconazole
5. Voriconazole
6. Posaconazole |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which azole is available only as a suspension and must be given with food?
1. Ketoconazole
2. Clotrimazole
3. Fluconazole
4. Itraconazole
5. Voriconazole
6. Posaconazole |
|
Definition
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Term
| What is the imidazole that was initially used but is no longer commonly seen due to adverse reactions and absorption issues? |
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Definition
|
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Term
Which azole has interpatient PK differences?
1. Ketoconazole
2. Clotrimazole
3. Fluconazole
4. Itraconazole
5. Voriconazole
6. Posaconazole |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the MOA of the -azoles? |
|
Definition
Inhibition of 14-α-sterol demethylase, a microsomal CYP; prevents lanosterol to ergosterol
(In English: Prevents ergosterol synthesis which is needed for fungal plasma membrane) |
|
|
Term
| Why do azoles interact with warfarin? |
|
Definition
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Term
| What azole is used for prophylaxis in transplant recipients? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| How is Posaconazole available (ROA)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is Voriconazole available (ROA)? |
|
Definition
IV & PO
- tab/suspension taken on empty stomach
- IV has SBECD that accumulates in renal failure |
|
|
Term
| How is Itraconazole available (ROA)? |
|
Definition
PO Only: Solution & Capsule
- Soln > Cap
- Soln: MT stomach
- Cap needs food (needs acid) |
|
|
Term
| How is Fluconazole available (ROA)? |
|
Definition
IV & PO
Good Bioavailability |
|
|
Term
| What are 2 main adverse drug reactions of amphotericin? |
|
Definition
1. Shake & Bake: Infusion reactions:
o fever, chills, shaking &Hypotension
2. Nephrotoxicity
o Direct interaction and/or vasoconstriction |
|
|
Term
| What electrolytes are primarily affected by amphotericin? |
|
Definition
Mg & K
*losing Mg & K is sign of renal dysfunction* |
|
|
Term
| What are 2 antifungals used topically for oral thrush? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the serious side effect of flucytosine? |
|
Definition
Bone Marrow Suppression
(due to conversion to 5-FU which is a chemo agent) |
|
|
Term
| What is the MOA of the Echinocandins? |
|
Definition
| Inhibit cell wall production |
|
|
Term
| What is the MOA of the Polyenes? |
|
Definition
| Bind to ergosterol to disrupt cell membrane |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 Imidazoles? |
|
Definition
| Ketoconazole & Clotrimazole |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 Triazoles? |
|
Definition
| Fluconazole, Itraconazole, Voriconazole & Posaconazole |
|
|
Term
| What should be monitored when on oral Terbinafine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the Polyenes drugs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| AmBisome & Abelcet dosing is _______ than amphotercin B deoxycholate. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What antifungal drug is activated by fungal cells to a potent chemotherapy agent?
*Bonus: what's the name of the agent?* |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What CLASS of antifungals is available only in IV? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which polyene is only used topically? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why are Triazoles preferred to Imidazoles? |
|
Definition
| Imidazoles hit more human CYPs, causing more adverse drug reactions |
|
|
Term
| What drug is available as an oral troche? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Which anti-fungal agent is never used alone due to depelopment of resistance? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 Echinocandins? |
|
Definition
| Caspofungin, Micafungin & Anidulafungin |
|
|
Term
| How is Amphotericin delivered (ROA)? |
|
Definition
| IV only (but with dextrose) |
|
|
Term
| Which CLASS of anti-fungals is used for prophylaxis in immunocompromised patients |
|
Definition
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