Term
|
Definition
| Selective beta blocker. Lowest risk of insomnia. Once a day dosing. Top drug for hypertension. Also angina and hyperthyroidism. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Selective beta blocker. IV administration. Anti-arrhythmic. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Selective beta blocker. High insomnia risk. Hypertension, angina, and hyperthyroidism. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Non-selective beta blocker. Hypertension, angina, and hyperthyroidism. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Non-selective beta blocker. Highest intrinsic sympathomimetic affect (ISA) = ability to increase heart rate. Hypertension, angina, hyperthyroidism. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Non-selective beta blocker. Highest risk of insomnia. Highest plasma binding (drug int). Highest membrane stabilizing activity (anesthetic activity) = mouth gets numb. Most popular non-selective. Hypertension, angina, hyperthyroidism, anti arrhythmic. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Non-selective beta blocker. Top choice for glaucoma. Also hypertension, angina, hyperthyroidism. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Selective beta blocker. Low insomnia risk. Acts as vasodilator for hypertension and angina. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Non-selective beta blocker. Also selective alpha blocker. Prevents cold extremities for patients on non-selective beta blockers. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Non-selective alpha blocker. E.R. hypertension, never outpatient. IV, short duration. Lowers BP, also induces histamine release and has cholinergic properties. Allergic Rx possible, reflex tachy, and orthostatic hypotension. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Non-selective alpha blocker. Irreversible, long acting. Used in diagnosis of pheochromacytoma (tumor that releases epi). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Selective alpha 1 blocker. Lowers blood pressure and cholesterol. Raises HDL. Syncope for 1st week then tolerance. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Selective alpha 1 blocker. Less potent and longer acting than prazosin. Lowers BP and used for BPH. Less syncope. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Selective alpha 1 blocker. Long duration. Specific for alpha receptors in prostate. Used for BPH...not Hypertension. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Adrenergic neuronal blocker. Depletion of NE in vesicles. Used in hypertension. SUICIDE risk. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Adrenergic neuronal blocker. Works by displacing NE inside neuron. Used in emergency high blood pressure. Tolerance and diarrhea. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Adrenergic neuronal blocker. Is a false neuro-transmitter (methylated tyrosine). Not used. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sulfadoxine/Pyramethamine (Fansidar) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sulfadiazine/Pyramethamine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammatory Bowl Disease |
|
|
Term
| Sulfonamide Side Effects? |
|
Definition
| Crystalluria, Rashes, Anemia, Nausea, Kernicturus. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inhibits influenza viral uncoating. Effective within 48 hours. Not metabolized, so dosage adj. necessary if kidney problems. Crosses BBB, so neuro effects. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inhibits influenza viral uncoating. Good within 48 hours. Metabolized. Does not cross BBB as readily as Amantadine. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inhibits influenza viral release. Blocks neuraminidase to promote viral aggregation. Powder due to poor bioavailability. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inhibits influenza viral release. Blocks neuraminidase. Promotes viral aggregation. Good oral bioavailability. Causes nausea, vomiting, and headache in 15% of patients. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inhibits viral genome replication as a nucleoside analogue. Highly specific for viral thymidine kinase. IV, topical, or oral. 15% to 30% bioavl. oral. Use in keratits due to herpes, encephalitis, genital herpes, mucocutaneous infections, varicella-zoster. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Nucleoside analogue against herpes virus. Used in keratits due to herpes. Toxic and more potent than acyclovir so used topically on the eye. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Cytomegalovirus Retinitis. Guanosine analogue that 100x more active againt CMV than acyclovir. Blocks viral genome replication. BONE MARROW SUPRESSION. Used only in serious infections. Poor oral bioavailability. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Cytomegalovirus Retinits. Alternative to ganciclovir. Not a nucleoside analogue. Reduced renal function. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Used in Herpes infections resistant to acyclovir. Nucleotide analogue that mimics deoxycytidine monophosphate. IV. Nephrotoxic. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Cytomegalovirus retinitis. anti-sense mRNA. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Mixed action anti-viral for Influenza A & B, respiratory syncytial virus, and viral hepatitis C w/ interferon. Inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (depletes cell of GTP) & inhibits N7 methyl transferase (prevents capping of mRNA). Causes hemolytic anemia. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Endogenous compounds made by infected cells to inhibit viral replication. Suncutaneous and intramuscular injection. Causes neutropenia. Use in Hep B and Hep C (w. ribavirin). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Adrenergic agonist. Acts on Alpha 2 receptors. Decreased HR and decreased BP. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Adrenergic agonist. Ionotropic. Works at Beta 1 receptors. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Direct and mixed acting adrenergic agonist. Low dose, dilates kidney vessels (dopamine receptor) and increased heart rate. Good for shock. At high doses, causes alpha-vasoconstriction. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Adrenergic agonist. Works on Beta 2 receptors. Bronchodilation. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Mixed acting adrenergic agonist. Primarily works by stimulating receptors. Uses in decongestant, narcolepsy, obesity, and hyperactivity. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Mixed acting adrenergic agonist. Primarily works by releasing NE. Uses for decongestants, narcolepsy, obesity, and hyperactivity. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| IP3/DAG. Nerves and autonomic ganglia. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inhibits adenylate cyclase, activated K channels. Decreased cAMP. Works in Heart. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| IP3/DAG. Secretory glands and smooth muscle (contraction of eye muscles and GI/bladder muscles). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Activates adenylate cyclase. Heart and increased renin secretion at kidney. Increased HR and BP. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Activates adenylate cyclase. Eye (ciliary muscle relaxation for far vision), dilation of blood vessels including GI and skeletal muscle, LUNG (bronchodilation), and relaxation of detruser. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Activates adenylate cyclase. Lipolysis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| IP3/DAG. Eye (contraction of radial muscle = mydriasis), Arteriole constiction, Contraction of sphincters, Increased glucose at liver, |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Inhibits adenylate cyclase. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Choline ester. Methylated Ach. Specific for muscarinic receptors and resistant to AChE. May be used to diagnose bronchial hyperreactivity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Choline ester. Amine sub. Ach. Highly resistant to AChE. Mixed activity towards muscarinic and nicotinic. Last resort wide-angle glaucome. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Choline ester. Methylated and amine sub. Ach. Highly resistant to AChE. Muscarinic specific. Post-op bladder distention and xerostomia (promote salivation). |
|
|
Term
| Direct Cholinomimetics side effects |
|
Definition
| sweating, cramping, diarrhea, excess salivation, decreased pulse, hypotension. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Muscarinic. Miotic agent for wide-angle glaucoma. Used with physostigmine. Orally for xerostomia. Limited use due to broad autonomic effects. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| salivation.lacrimation, nausea, vomiting, headache, visual disturbances, bronchospasm, bradycardia, hypotension, shock. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-cholinergic. Tertiary amine (in CNS). Blocks muscarinic receptors. Reverse muscarinic poisoning, long lasting mydriasis & cycloplegia, anti-diarrheal w/ diphenoxylate. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-cholinergic. Teritary amine (in CNS). Fast & short acting mydriatic agent. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-cholinergic. Tertiary amine (in CNS). Motion sickness. Causes drowsiness. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-cholinergic. Tertiary amine. Over-active bladder. Causes dry mouth and constipation. Not to be used in patients with glaucoma. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-cholinergic. Quaternary amine. Bronchodilator. Used in COPD. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-cholinergic. Quaternary amine. Similar to ipratropium (bronchodilator for COPD), but longer lasting. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-cholinergic. Quaternary amine. Widely used for GI disturbances. Also for ulcers & to stop excessive sweating. |
|
|
Term
| Adverse rxs for anti-muscarinics |
|
Definition
| Dry as a bone, red as a beet, hot as a hare, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Non-depolarizing ganglionic blocker. Interest in Tourette Syndrome. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-cholinesterase. Reversible, simple competitive inhibitor. IV 1-5 min dur. Test for myasthenia gravis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-cholinesterase. Carbamate. Used in wide-angle glaucoma, with pilocarpine. Risk of cataract formation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-cholinesterase. Carbamate. Short acting. Standard for myasthenia gravis. Also for paralytic loss of tone in GI & bladder. Poor oral absorption. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-cholinesterase. Carbamate. Similar to neostigmine and used in myasthenia gravis when effective due to longer action. Pretreatment for nerve gas. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-cholinesterase. Carbamete. Similar to pyridostigmine (MA and nerve gas pre-treatment), but longer lasting at 4-8 hours. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-cholinesterase. Irreversible, organophosphate. Only clinically useful organophosphate, used in glaucoma. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-cholinesterase. Irreversible, organophosphate. Insecticide. Detoxed in mammals due to plasma esterases. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-cholinesterase. Irreversible, organophosphate. Insecticide prodrug (paraoxon is active form). Responsible for the most poisonings and deaths. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Alzheimer's drug. 1x day dosing. Selective CNS cholinesterase inhibitor. No hepatotoxicity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Alzheimer's drug. 2x day dosing. Carbamate similar to physostigmine. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Alzheimer's drug. Mild cholinesterase inhibitor, but potent enhancer of CNS nicotinic receptors. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nucleophile that rescues cholinesterase enzyme before it is aged. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Depolaring neuromuscular blocker. Short procedures/intubations. Causes apnea, hyperkalemia, increased intraocular pressure, gastric pressure, and intracranial pressure. Also malignant hypothermia. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Non-depolaring neuromuscular junction blocker. Alt to succinylcholine for brief procedures. Eliminated by plasma esterases. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Non-depolarizing Neuromuscular junction blocker. Rapid onset. Eliminated by the liver. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| &Non-depolaring NMJ blocker. Intermediate duration. No side effects. Eliminated by liver kidney. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Non-depolarizing NMJ blocker. Intermediate duration. Eliminated by spontaneous hydrolysis. Slight histamine release = hypotension & bronchoconstriction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Non-depolarizing NMJ blocker. Long duration. Kidney elimination. Moderate block of heart muscarinic receptors = risk for increased HR and BP. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inhibits dihydrofolate reductase of bacteria 10,000x more efficiently. Uncomplicated UTI when used alone. Oral. |
|
|
Term
| Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim |
|
Definition
| Oral used for pneumonia due to pneumocystis carinii, GI infections (Shigella), systemic infections caused by Nocardia & Salmonella, and UTIs and resp. infections caused by H. influenzae or strep pneumo. Rare hematopoietic side effect. plus CRANK. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inhibit topoisomerase II & IV. Antacids decrease bioavailability. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, photosensitivity, CNS disturbances, TENDONITIS, and prolonged QT interval. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Topical for conjunctivitis, corneal ulcer, and other ocular infections. |
|
|
Term
| Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin |
|
Definition
| Resistant UTI, Osteomyelitis, infectious diarrhea, gonorrhea, anthrax, atypical pneumonias. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-cholinergic. Tertiary amine. Over-active bladder. Causes dry mouth and constipation. Not to be used in patients with glaucoma. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Selective alpha 1 blocker. Less potent and longer acting than prazosin. Lowers BP and used for BPH. Less syncope. |
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