Term
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Definition
- special protease that splits casein
- allows coagulation and formation of curds
- obtained from stomach lining of calves
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Term
One Step Fermentations by Microbes that produce Extracellular Hydrolases |
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Definition
- molds and Bacillus
- product is more susceptible to spoilage
- increased digestibility; decreased stability
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Term
Tempeh (Mold Fermentation) |
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Definition
- fermented by Rhizopus (mold)
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Term
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Definition
- fermented by Bacillus subtilis
- mass of beans held together by sticky polymer
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Term
Soy Sauce Complex Fermentation Koji development |
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Definition
- wheat/beans heated and soaked
- inoculated w/Aspergillus oryzae or Aspergillus soyae
- resulting mash: increased conc of soluble nutrients
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Term
Soy Sauce Complex Fermentation Moromi formulation |
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Definition
- koji soaked in salt --> moromi
- moromi inoculated w/salt tolerant yeast
- salt-tolerant LAB
- Lactobacillus delbruckii
- Pediococcus soyae
- Aspergillus -> Saccharomyces -> LAB
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Term
| Vanilla Curing/Conditioning |
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Definition
- lactic acid bacteria hydrolyze glucosides
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Term
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Definition
- Erwinia present on the drying fruit
- pectin is released and supports growth of LAB
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Term
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Definition
- inoculated by natural MOs and action of fruit files
- Bacillus and/or molds break down pulp structure
- create soluble sugars and organic acids
- sugars metabolized by yeast and LAB
- yeast produce ETOH/CO2
- LAB produce lactic/acetic acid
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Term
| Lactic Acid Bacteria Fermentation |
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Definition
- ubiquitous flora of animals and plants
- strictly fermentative -> rely on free sugars as substrate
- microaerophils
- lactic acid always major product
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Term
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Definition
- key flavor in sour cream
- produced by LAB fermentation
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Term
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Definition
- key flavor in yogurt
- produced by LAB fermentation
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Term
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Definition
- fungus
- causes liver damage following brief but high exposure
- cause cancer following low but long term exposure
- causes food-borne intoxication
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Term
Enterotoxigenic E. coli ETEC |
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Definition
- contains plasmid for enterotoxin
- 2 different enterotoxins
- one is nearly identical to cholera toxin
- less efficiently secreted
- both cause gastroenteritis
- incub 16-48 hrs, dur 1-2 days
- most common form of traveler's diarrhea
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Term
Enterohemolytic E. coli EHEC |
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Definition
- toxin isnearly identical to Shiga toxin
- causes dysentery symptoms and kidney disease
- may cause Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)
- incub 3-4 days, dur 3-7 days, sometimes longer
- reservoir undercooked beef
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Term
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Definition
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