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| Under the Old Regime in France, the king was the absolute monarch. King Louis XIV had centralized power in the royal bureaucracy, the government departments that took care of his policies. |
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| Clergy, Nobles, Commoners |
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| a tax that was levied by a king or seigneur on his subjects or on lands held under him and that became solely a royal tax in the 15th century from which the lords and later the clergy were exempt |
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| The law making body of France |
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| French priest and revolutionist. |
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| The French Commoners pledged to meet until they got a fair vote |
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| From Bastille, violence spread throughout the French countryside. Rumors were spread that the feudal lords had hired robbers to murder peasants. This rumor was not true, but it flamed fear, that lead to the peasants uprising against their local lords. |
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| King of France (1774-1792). In 1789 he summoned the Estates-General, but he did not grant the reforms that were demanded and revolution followed. Louis and his queen, Marie Antoinette, were executed in 1793. |
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| Queen of France (1774-1793) as the wife of Louis XVI. Unpopular because of her extravagance and insensitivity toward the masses, she was tried by the Revolutionary Tribunal and executed. |
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| During the French Revolution, the National Assembly (French: Assemblée nationale), which existed from June 17 to July 9 of 1789, was a transitional body between the Estates-General and the National Constituent Assembly. |
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| The Storming of the Bastille occurred in Paris on 14 July 1789. The medieval fortress and prison in Paris known as the Bastille represented royal authority in the center of Paris. While the prison only contained seven prisoners at the time of its storming, its fall was the flashpoint of the French Revolution, and it subsequently became an icon of the French Republic. |
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| Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen |
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| The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (French: Déclaration des droits de l'Homme et du citoyen) is a fundamental document of the French Revolution, defining the individual and collective rights of all the estates of the realm as universal. Influenced by the doctrine of natural rights, the rights of Man are universal: valid at all times and in every place, pertaining to human nature itself. Although it establishes fundamental rights for French citizens and all men without exception, it addresses neither the status of women nor slavery |
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Olympe de Gouges (7 May 1748 – 3 November 1793), born Marie Gouze, was a French playwright and political activist whose feminist and abolitionist writings reached a large audience.
She began her career as a playwright in the early 1780s. As political tension rose in France, de Gouges became increasingly politically involved. She became an outspoken advocate for ameliorating the condition of slaves in the colonies as of 1788. At the same time, she began writing political pamphlets. Today she is perhaps best known as an early feminist who demanded that French women be given the same rights as French men. In her Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen (1791), she challenged the practice of male authority and the notion of male-female inequality |
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| the legislature of France 1791–92. |
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| Supporters of the royals. Flee France when Louis XVI taken out of power |
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| member of a radical society or club of revolutionaries that promoted the Reign of Terror and other extreme measures, active chiefly from 1789 to 1794: so called from the Dominican convent in Paris, where they originally met. |
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| French politician and journalist: leader in the French Revolution; assassinated by Charlotte Corday d'Armont. |
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| a device for beheading a person by means of a heavy blade that is dropped between two posts serving as guides: widely used during the French Revolution. |
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| French Revolutionary leader who took part in the storming of the Bastille (1789) and supported the execution of Louis XVI (1793) but was guillotined the following year for his opposition to the excesses of the Reign of Terror. |
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| Civil Constitution of the Clergy |
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| On July 12 1790, the National Assembly passed the Civil Constitution of the Clergy, fundamentally altering the internal structure of the Catholic Church in France and the relationship between Church and State. |
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| a revolutionary committee that took the place of the municipality of Paris in the revolution of 1789, usurped the authority of the state, and was suppressed by the National Convention in 1794. |
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| the constitutional and legislative assembly of France in 1792-1795 |
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| Committee for Public Safety |
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| The Committee of Public Safety (French: Comité de salut public), created in April 1793 by the National Convention and then restructured July 1793, formed the de facto executive government of France during the Reign of Terror (1793-4), a stage of the French Revolution. Under war conditions and with national survival seemingly at stake, the Jacobins, under Maximilien Robespierre, centralized denunciations, trials, and executions under the supervision of this committee of first nine and later twelve members. The committee was responsible for thousands of executions, with many high-profile executions at the guillotine, in what was known as the "Reign of Terror." Frenchmen were executed under the pretext of being a supporter of monarchy or opposing the Revolution. The Committee ceased meeting in 1795. |
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| French revolutionary. Leader of the Jacobins and architect of the Reign of Terror, he was known as an austere and incorruptible man. His laws permitting the confiscation of property and arrest of suspected traitors, many of whom were guillotined, led to his own arrest and execution without trial. |
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| a period of the French Revolution, from about March, 1793, to July, 1794, during which many persons were ruthlessly executed by the ruling faction. |
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| Haitian military and political leader who led a successful slave insurrection (1791-1793) and helped the French expel the British from Haiti (1798). In 1801 he invaded Spanish Santo Domingo and freed the slaves there. He briefly maintained control over the entire island, establishing the first Black-led government in the Americas, before being arrested by Bonapartist agents (1802) and deported to France. |
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| the body of five directors forming the executive power of France from 1795 to 1799. |
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