Term
| What is a dictatorship? Pros/Cons? |
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Definition
One person with total authority...
Pros->
Good at warfare - Quick decision making...
Cons ->
Unstable when ruler dies - No civil rights or freedom. |
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Term
| What is an Absolute Monarchy? Pros/Cons? |
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Definition
Government with a king or queen whose authority passes on to family members.
Pros->
The people know who the next ruler is and develop loyalty - Next leader can be trained.
Cons->
Could be stupid - No civil rights or freedom. |
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Term
| What are the 3 aspects of the rule of man? |
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Definition
| Dictator makes the rules - Rules do not apply to everyone - Can change at any time . |
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Term
| What is Democracy? Pros/Cons? |
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Definition
All issues are decided by the people
Pros->
People make decisions, no one to blame but themselves. - Rule of law.
Cons->
Slow decision making - People not educated - Unstable - Majority overrules and minority is punished. |
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Term
| What is a Republic? Pros/Cons? |
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Definition
People elect government officials to make decisions.
Pros->
Qualified and educated people likely to be elected - Decisions made quickly - Rule of law - limits government and protects people.
Cons->
Divides people into different political parties - officials can vote with no input from the people. |
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Term
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Definition
| Law is the same for everyone. |
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Term
| What is a Constitutional Monarchy? Pros/Cons? |
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Definition
King or queen with limited power.
Pros->
Quick decisions in war - very stable - upper class civil rights are protected
Cons->
Could be stupid - rule of man/rule of law. |
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Term
| What was the enlightenment? |
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Definition
| Late 1700's when new ideas concerning civil rights and human rights were brought to attention. |
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Term
| Why did the French King help American Colonists gain independence from British Empire? |
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Definition
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Term
| In what important way was the French King limited in power in the period before the French Revolution? |
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Definition
| He could not raise taxes without the 3 estates approval. |
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Term
| What was the purpose of the Estates General and what power did it wield in the period before the French Revolution? |
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Definition
The purpose is to represent the french people.
They had the power to raise taxes |
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Term
| Explain who was involved in the First Estate. Resources/Power. |
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Definition
| The Roman Catholics -> 1% population, own 10% land in France, pay 2% in taxes. |
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Term
| Who was involved in the second estate? Resources/Power? |
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Definition
| Rich Nobles -> 2% population, own 20% of land, pay almost nothing in taxes. |
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Term
| Who was involved in the third estate? Resources/Power? |
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Definition
| Peasants and poor city workers, some were wealthy. -> 97% of population, paid 50% of income to church, nobles, and gov't. |
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Term
| What are wealthy and well-educated people in the third estate called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the king of France during the French Revolution? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why was the French Gov't bankrupt at the inception of the French Revolution? |
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Definition
| The American Revolution. French aide to America was very expensive. |
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Term
| Can the French King raise taxes unilaterally? Who must raise taxes? |
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Definition
| No, The 3 estates must vote and agree to raise the taxes. |
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Term
| Why did the Third Estate meet in a Tennis Court? What is the Tennis Court Oath? |
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Definition
The other estates and the king locked them out of the meeting room and a tennis court was next door.
It was the oath to create a new constitution |
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Term
| What did the third estate change its name to? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why did the king, first, and second estates fear the third estate? |
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Definition
| They threatened violence and started to rebel. |
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Term
| What is the Bastille and why did the Third Estate break into it? |
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Definition
| The Bastille is a French prison, they released prisoners and stole gun powder. |
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Term
| Why did 6,000 women march to Versailles? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the first 4 actions taken by the National Assembly? |
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Definition
| Took away noble rights - Took church land and sold it to pay government debts - Passed declaration of rights of man - reordered the government (wrote a constitution) |
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Term
| What 2 countries declared war on France and why? How was the war going at first and what was the French reaction to these events? |
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Definition
| Austria and Prussia. The war was going badly, the French executed the king and his family and gave up on the constitutional monarchy |
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Term
| What revolutionary French group took over during the Reign of Terror and who was their leader? |
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Definition
| The Jacobins took over, their leader was Robespirre. |
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Term
| What was the most feared committee in France and why? |
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Definition
| The Committee of Public Safety, because they killed people for no reason..., |
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Term
| How many people were killed during the Reign of Terror and how did it stop? |
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Definition
| 40,000 people were killed - it stopped when Robespirre was killed. |
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Term
| In 1795, what government took over France? Explain organization of this gov't and give some characteristics. |
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Definition
The Directory.
A 5 men executive branch.
More stable,
very corrupt. |
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