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Details Title: Forces in the Earth Description: Volcanoes and Earthquakes Total Flash Cards: 15 Created: 02/19/2006 13:51:04	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term elastic limit Definition The limit to how much pressure an object can withstand and still return to its original shape. Term fault Definition A fracture within the Earth where rock movement occurs Term normal fault Definition Rock moves along a fracture caused by tension forces Term reverse fault Definition http://www.iris.edu/gifs/animations/thrust3.gif rock is pushed in opposite horizontal directions Term shearing forces Definition Causes rock to be pushed in opposite horizontal directions. Term focus Definition The pont in the Earth's interior where seismic waves originate. Term epicenter Definition The point on the Eart's surface directly above the focus Term vent Definition Magma flows out through these openings. These opening relieve pressure inside the earth. Term cinder cones Definition result from explosive eruptions Term Types of seismic waves Definition P-waves, primary waves, move the fastest S-waves, secondary waves, slower than primary. Surface waves also called L-waves, Love waves,named for guy who discovered them, cause the most damage Term seismograph Definition instrument used to detect and measure earthquake waves Term Magma and lava Definition Molten, or hot liquefied, rock located deep below the Earth's surface is called magma. When a volcano erupts or a deep crack occurs in the Earth, the magma rises and overflows. When it flows out of the volcano or crack, usually mixed with steam and gas, it is called lava. Term shield volcanoes Definition built almost entirely of fluid lava flows Term composite volcanoes Definition composed of explosive eruptions of thick lava, ash, and rocks. Term good construction Definition Houses that absorb and evenly distribute horizontal shifting fare best in an earthquake. By reinforcing the foundation, floors, walls, and roof with metal and concrete you can improve its ability to withstand lateral and vertical forces.